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ICT
cards
29
Other
Not Applicable
10/08/2006

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Cards

Term
What are some reasons for using computers?
Definition
-it works faster than humans
-it is never tired or needs rest
-it stores large amounts of information in small spaces
Term
A bit is...
Definition
1,0
Term
A byte is...
Definition
8 bits
Term
A kilo byte is...
Definition
1024 bytes - 2 to the power
of 10
Term
What is software?
Definition
A set of instructions given by human
Term
What is aplication Software?
Definition
Carries out a particular task
Term
What is hardware?
Definition
Any part of a computer you can actually touch
Term
What is a device?
Definition
An individual piece of hardware
Term
What does basic hardware conist of?
Definition
Central processing unit(CPU) with input, output and backing storage devices
Term
What is input?
Definition
The stage of computing where the main concern is getting the data needed by the program into the computer
Term
Some examples of input deivces
Definition
Mouse, Keyboard, scanner,touch screen, OMR, OCR, digital camera
Term
What is output?
Definition
When the computer produces the processed data as info in a form that is useful to the user,
Term
What is output?
Definition
When the computer produces the processed data as info in a form that is useful to the user,
Term
Some output deivces
Definition
Screen, monitor, printer, sound output,graph plotter
Term
What is processing?
Definition
When the computer follows the instructions using the data which has just been input.
Term
What is data?
Definition
Any collection of numbers, characters or symbols that has been coded into a format that can be input in the computer and processed.
Term
What is information?
Definition
Data which has been processed by the computer i takes on a context.
Term
What is the CPU?
Definition
The Central Processing Unit is the 'brain' of the computer. It's where the data is sorted and the decision making happens.
Term
What does the CPU contain?
Definition
Main Memory, ALU, Control Unit
Term
What does the main memory do?
Definition
Holds the program instructions and data.
Term
Types of memory chips?
Definition
RAM & ROM
Term
What does the Control Unit do?
Definition
Fetches instructions from the main memor, it decodes them and lets them go through the ALU
Term
What does the ALU do?
Definition
Performs claculations and makes decisions using the instructions.
Term
What does the ALU do?
Definition
Performs claculations and makes decisions using the instructions.
Term
What is backing Storage?
Definition
Used to store programs when the computer is switched off.
Term
What are some examples of backing storage?
Definition
Floppy disk drives, magnetic tape drives, hard disks, Cd's
Term
What is RAM?
Definition
Random Acess Memory, it temporarly stores programs and data. The contents can be lost when the computer is turned off.
Term
What is ROM?
Definition
Rom is short for Read Only Memory. Rom is permanent memory and won't be lost in a power cut so it in non- volatile memory. The amount of ROM in most computers is small.
Term
What are two differnt types of memory?
Definition
Volatile (not permanent) and Non- volatile (permanent)
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