Shared Flashcard Set

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ICT
Vocabulary
42
Computer Science
11th Grade
04/25/2007

Additional Computer Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
hardware
Definition
equipment you can touch
Term
examples of hardware
Definition
- moniter
- mouse
- printer
- keyboard
Term
software
Definition
programs used on the computer
Term
examples of software
Definition
- operating systems
- word processors
- database
- spreadsheet
Term
the main hardware that makes up a computer are...
Definition
- CPU
- internal memory
- backing storage (input/output)
Term
a desktop computer is...
Definition
a general purpose machine found in many offices and homes. It is designed to stay in place whilst notebook (or portable) has the same power and capability but is designed to be around
Term
PDAs and Palmtops...
Definition
computers are much smaller devices. PDAs have a variety of applications such as email, memos, phonebooks, calendars and in some cases there are built in mobile phones
Term
CPU
Definition
Central Processing Unit - the 'brain' of the computer consisting of the control unit and arithmetic and logic unit, where all the work is done.
Term
Visual Display Unit
Definition
the computer screen, also called the moniter
Term
Internal Memory
Definition
holds the current data and instruction being dealt with by the computer
Term
Secondary (or backing) storage
Definition
is the additional memory which is used to store data and instructions that we may need to use again and again. Its contents are not lost when the computer is switched off.
Term
Input devices
Definition
an item of hardware a person uses to put data and instructions into the computer
Term
keyboard...
Definition
...are input devices, which look a bit like a typewriters and are most commonly used for data entry such as typing in text.
...are very common, but data is not entered quickly, esp if the user is not experienced
Term
Pros and Cons (keyboard)
Definition
P - most computers have them, and a skilled typist can enter data quickly
C - it is easy to make mistakes
C - it can be time consuming
C - it can be difficult to enter data (diagrams/pictures)
C - repititive strain injury (constant typing)
Term
Mouse
Definition
a handheld device used to select items or start tasks by pointing or clicking on displayed items.
Term
touch pads (and tracker balls)
Definition
are similar to the mouse and are used in a similar manner, and are often found on notebooks.
Term
joystick
Definition
is similar to tracker ball except that control of the pointer is by moving the stick rather than a ball.
Term
Uses, Pros and Cons (of joysticks)
Definition
U - game software
P - immediate feel of direction
C - sometimes difficult to control
C - can break easily, not strong
Term
a video digitiser, digital camera and scanner
Definition
are all input devices which capture images
Term
digital camera
Definition
a camara which does not need film; instead images are captured and stored immediately onto digital format. This data can then be put straight into the computer for display
Term
scanner
Definition
a device which copies images and text and converts them to digital format to be stored in computer memory
Term
images...
Definition
...take up a lot of space in computer memory because data has to be stored about each dot on a picture; the more dots per square inch the higher the resoloution, the larger the data file.
Term
remote control
Definition
a device that inputs data to a computerised system from a distance using infrared
Term
printers
Definition
are ouput devices that produce a permament copy of output on paper.
Term
types of printer
Definition
- laser
- ink-jet
- dot-matrix
Term
laser and ink-jet printers..
Definition
...are higher quality than dot-matrix printers but are more expensive
Term
plotters...
Definition
...are output devices which usually use pen to produce line diagrams such as building plans, although there are plotters which are 'pen-less' an are capable of producing more detailed drawings
Term
examples of controlled devices...
Definition
- lights
- buzzers
- motors
Term
controlled devices...
Definition
... are all devices that respond to electrical signals produced by the computer.
Term
internal memory
Definition
known as immediate access storage (IAS is the RAM part of main memory), is volatile but seconadry (backing) storage is non-volatile.
Term
hard disks...
Definition
...and their drives often provide secondar storage, especially on desktop and notebook computers.
Term
Hard disks have the capability of storing ....small/medium/large amount of data
Definition
LARGE
Term
disk packs
Definition
are in mainframe computers were the hard disks come as a stack all together aka disk packs
Term
floppy disks...
Definition
... are small and portable and are therefore often used for the user's own personal data
... a high density (HD) disk stores approx 1.5MB of data
...they are 3.5inches square
Term
magnetic tape
Definition
is another type of storage medium abd today it comes in cassette form. it is frequently ised for back-ups because it has larger storage capacity than a floppy disk.
Term
CD-ROMs
Definition
...are capable of storing 650MB of data, and are portable and read only so they are ideal for reference material, such as multimedia encyclopaedias.
...are an optical devicewhere a beam of laser light is used to access the dat.
Term
DVDs...
Definition
...are similar to CD-ROMs because they are optical devices and are used for storing large amounts of multimedia particularly films.
Term
Health and Safety
Definition
- eye strain
- RSI
- Back problems
- fire extinguishers
- trailing wires
- overcrowding electrical points
- 10minute break every two hours
Term
Eye Strain...
Definition
...can be prevented by providing diffused overheadlighting and suitablewindow blinds
Term
RSI...
Definition
...is the strain of the upper limbs.
...it can be prevented by well-designed keyboards and wrist supports
Term
back problems...
Definition
...can be prevented by providing adjustable screens and chairs
Term
in a tuck shop system...
Definition
...products are bought from one or two suppliers ans then resold in school at break and lunch times.
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