Term
| What is the world's largest island? |
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Definition
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| How long did the Vikings colonists flourish in Greenland? |
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Definition
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| When did the Vikings disappear from Greenland? |
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Term
| According to the sagas, how big was the Viking empire? |
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Definition
| Russia to Mediterrean to Greenland |
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Term
| What did the Vikings call America? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 2 reasons as to why the Vikings abandoned Newfoundland? |
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Definition
| Skirmishes with locals and difficulty obtaining supplies from Europe |
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Term
| Who led the Viking colonists to Greenland and Newfoundland? |
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Definition
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| How did most of the Vikings in Greenland make their living? |
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| How did the Vikings care for their animals during the severe Greenland winters? |
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Term
| What gift did the Greenland Vikings send to the Pope? |
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| What gift did the Greenland Vikings want the Pope to send them? |
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Term
| What final celebration took place in 1408 in Greenland? |
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Term
What happened to the man who had seduced a woman? |
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Term
| List 4 theories that attempt to explain the Viking disappearance from Greenland. |
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Definition
| 1 - Plague; 2 - Kidnapped by pirates; 3 - Intermarried with Inuit; 4 - War with Inuit |
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Term
| Based on the abundance of middle ear disease, what is a 5th theory? |
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Definition
| Living conditions were getting worse |
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Term
| Which part of the Viking population on Greenland experienced the highest death rates? |
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Term
Bones of what 2 animals were found in an abandoned kitchen (suggesting food scarcity)? |
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Definition
| Elkhound and new born calf |
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Term
| What type of flie were found in Viking homes after the weather turned colder? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of flies were found in Viking homes after the weather turned colder? |
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Definition
| Flies that liked cold and living in the larder |
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Term
| What room were the cold-loving flies living in, just before the houses were abandoned? |
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Definition
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Term
| Besides flies, what other proxy did scientists use to reconstruct climate in Viking period? |
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Definition
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Term
What was the climate of Greenland like at A.D. 1000? |
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Definition
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Definition
| A stable, naturally occurring hydrogen isotope. It is used as a moderator in the form of deuterium oxide or heavy water |
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Term
Which molecule evaporates easier: H20 with hydrogen-1, H20 with hydrogen-2? |
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Definition
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Term
| During what period did the Vikings colonize Greenland? |
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Definition
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Term
| During what period did the Vikings abandon Greenland? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do oxygen-16/oxygen-18 ratios in Vikings teeth reveal? |
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Definition
| Drop in surface temperature at the end of settlement |
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Term
| What do the mud cores from lakes reveal? |
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Definition
| Settlers overgrazed the land |
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Term
| Why weren't Inuit peoples in Greenland also devastated by the Little Ice Age? |
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Definition
| They quickly adapted; warm clothes; hunter/gatherers |
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Term
| How did the Viking clothing show their failure to adapt? |
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Definition
| Woolen clothing; height of fashion - but no function |
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Term
| What do blow flies tell us about the differing fates of the Vikings and Inuits |
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Definition
| Vikings went hungry; Inuits had plenty of food |
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Term
| How do beetles show that the hay crop failed? |
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Definition
| Beetle population dropped |
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Term
How did the Church contribute to the Vikings failure to adapt? (2 ways) |
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Definition
| Inuit not Christians; Church controlled much of the land |
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Term
| What was the Church's response to climate change? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is puzzling about the last settlements of the Vikings in Greenland? |
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Definition
| No skeletons in the houses. What happened to last settlers? |
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Term
| If some of the Vikings survived, where did they go? (2 possibilities) |
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Term
| In Greenland, did the Viking culture display flexibility or rigidity? |
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