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| means the study of the emotions and the mind in relation to their sense of beauty in literature and other fine arts, but separately from moral, social, political, practical, or economic considerations. This area of study is concerned with the appreciation and criticism of what is considered beautiful or ugly. It is sometimes referred to as “art for art’s sake.” |
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| term denotes language in actual use within its social and ideological contexts and in institutionalized representations of the world called discursive practices." |
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s a skilled way of describing art and other aesthetic objects after it was learned as a tool of rhetoric.
Literary response to some sort of art |
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| a tangible object used to represent a moral or spiritual quality, like a crown for royalty, a scepter for sovereignty, a mountain for rule, or a heavenly body for a ruler. |
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| A poetic line that has a pause at the end |
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| a short literary composition on a particular theme or subject, usually in prose and generally analytic, speculative, or interpretative |
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| is a narrative told by a character involved in the story. When the narrator uses "I" and describes his or her own experience, thoughts, or feelings |
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| poetry without regular patterns of rhyme and rhythm. Often used to capture the sounds and rhythms of ordinary speech. |
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| is textual interpretation, or, in other words, finding meaning in the written word. |
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| words that sound the same but have different spellings and meanings. |
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| an avant - garde style in which structure, plot, and characterization are disregarded or garbled in order to stress the lack of logic in nature and man’s isolation in a universe which has no meaning or value. |
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1. A recognizable manner of pronouncing words
2. amount of stress given to a syllable - important component of meter
ex: Texas, French |
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| a major division in a play; often divided into smaller units (scenes) that take place in a specific location |
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| a major division in a play; often divided into smaller units (scenes) that take place in a specific location |
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- form of extended metaphor in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative are equated with the meanings that lie outside the narrative itself
- underlying meaning has moral, social, religious, or political significance
- a story with 2 meanings - literal and symbolic |
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1. the repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words
2. a pattern of sound that includes the repetition of consonant sounds
“sweet smell of success, a dime a dozen, bigger and better, jump for joy” |
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1. a reference in a literary work to a person, place, or thing in history or another work of literature
- often brief/ indirect references to well known characters or events
2. a brief reference to a person, event, place (real/ fictitious), or to a work of art |
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repeating the last word of a clause at the beginning of the next clause
“talent is an adornment;
an adornment is also a concealment” |
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comparison of two pairs which have the same relationship
hot is to cold as fire is to ice |
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- the deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several successive verses, clauses, or paragraphs
- one of the devices of repetition in which the same phrase is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines
ex: “And Brutus is an honorable man” repeated multiple times in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar |
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| a character in a story or poem that works against the main character in some way |
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| a protagonist who is a non hero or the antithesis of a traditional hero |
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1. using opposite phrases in close conjunction
2. opposition, or contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction
ex: “Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice, moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue” |
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1. a sudden turn from the general audience to address a specific troup or person or personified abstraction absent or present
2. when an absent person, an abstract concept, or an important object is directly addressed
ex: “For Brutis, as you know, was Caesar’s angel. Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him. Shakespeare, Julius Caesar” |
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1. usage of any object or situation as it was originally made
- coined by Carl Jung
2. an original model or pattern from which other later copies are made, especially a character, an action, or situation that seems to represent common patterns of human life
- often includes a symbol, theme, setting, or character that some critics think have a common meaning in an entire culture |
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1. in drama, a few words or a short passage spoken by one character to the audience while the other actors on stage pretend their characters cannot hear the speaker’s words
2. an actor’s speech, directed to the audience, that is not supposed to be heard by other actors on stage
- usually used to let the audience know what a character is about to do or what he/she is thinking |
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1. the repetition of vowel sounds but not consonant sounds
2. repeating identical or similar vowels in nearby words
ex: “fleet feet sweep by sleeping geeks” |
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| the person reading a text, listening to a speaker, or observing a performance |
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1. a narrative in which an adolescent protagonist comes to adulthood by a process of experience and disillusionment; often called a ‘coming-of-age’ story
2. a story in which the protagonist undergoes growth throughout the entire narrative, generally starting off by being removed or chased from their home
- growth is often impeded by opposition of their desires by other characters |
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| a non fictional account of a person’s life -- written by someone other than the person |
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| unrhymed lines of ten syllables each with the even numbered syllables bearing the accents |
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1. a pause separating phrases within lines of poetry -- an important part of poetic rhythm
2. natural pause or break in poetry |
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1. an approved or traditional collection of works
2. refers to works in anthologies that have come to be considered standard or traditionally included in the classroom and published textbooks
- denotes the entire body of literature traditionally thought to be suitable for admiration and study
3. refers to writings of an author that generally are accepted as genuine and that has gained wide acceptance |
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| emotional discharge that brings about a moral or spiritual renewal or welcome relief from tension and anxiety |
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| emotional discharge that brings about a moral or spiritual renewal or welcome relief from tension and anxiety |
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type of rhetoric in which the second part is syntactically balanced against the first
ex: “There’s a bridge to cross the great divide.. There’s a cross to bridge the great divide…” |
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| the moment in a play, novel, short story, or narrative poem at which the crisis reaches its point of greatest intensity and is thereafter resolved |
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1. original meaning of word: refers to a genre of drama during the Dionysia festivals of ancient Athens
2. later, medieval and Renaissance: means any play/ narrative poem where main characters manage to avert impending disaster and have a happy ending |
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1. the extra tinge or taint of meaning each word carries beyond the minimal, strict definition found in a dictionary '
2. an association that comes along with a particular word
- relates to the ideas/ qualities that are implied by the word |
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1. special type of alliteration in which the repeated pattern of consonants is marked by changes in the intervening vowels
- final consonants of the stressed syllables match each other but the vowels differ
2. repetition of consonant sounds, but NOT vowels
ex: lady lounges lazily |
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| a common feature that has become traditional or expected within a specific genre of literature or film |
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style of poetry defined as a complete thought written in two lines with rhyming ends
ex: “So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, so long as lives this, and this gives life to thee.” |
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1. the literal meaning of a word, dictionary meaning
2. the exact meaning of a word, without the feelings or suggestions that the word may imply
3. the minimal, strict definition of a word as found in a dictionary, disregarding any historical or emotional connection |
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1. French word meaning “unknotting” or “unwinding”
- refers to the outcome or result of a complex situation or sequence of events
2. literally meaning the action of untying
- final outcome of the main complication in a play or story |
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1. the conversation between characters in a drama or narrative
- lines spoken by a character or characters in a play, essay, story, or novel, especially in a conversation between 2. two characters, or in a literary work that takes the form of a such a discussion |
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| 1. choice of a particular word as opposed to others |
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| refers to literature or other types of art that are instructional or informative |
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| 1. ghostly double of another character, especially if it haunts its counterpart |
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1. involves a situation in a narrative in which the reader knows something about present or future circumstances that the character does not know
2. when facts are not known to the characters in a work of literature but are known by the audience |
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| a type of literature defined as a song or poem, writing in elegiac couplets, that expresses sorrow or lamentation, usually for one who has died |
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| when a sentence, clause, or meaning continues from one line of poetry to the next without stopping or pausing at the end of the line |
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a genre of classical poetry; poem that is
- a long narrative about a serious subject
- told in an elevated style of language
- focused on the exploits of a hero/ demi god who represents the cultural values of a race, nation, or religious group
- hero’s success or failure will determine the fate of that people or nation
- vast setting, covers a wide geographic area
- contains superhuman feats of strength/ military prowess
- contains long catalogs of heroes or important characters |
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| conclusion added to a literary work such as a novel, play, or long poem |
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| A composition addressed to a specific group or person |
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1. refers to an inscription carved on a gravestone
- final statement spoken by a character before their death |
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1. substitution of an agreeable or less offensive expression in place of one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant to the listener
- in the case of doublespeak: to make it less troublesome for the speaker
- substitution of a description of something/ someone rather than the name, to avoid revealing secret, holy, or sacred names to the uninitiated/ obscure identity
2. Using a mild or gentle phrase instead of a blunt, embarrassing, or painful one |
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1. attempting to group words together harmoniously so that the consonants permit an easy and pleasing flow of sound when spoken
2. soothing pleasant sounds |
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1. in Roman times: applied to professional government interpretation of omens, dreams and sacred laws
2. post roman times: scholarly or theological interpretation of the Bible |
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brief story illustrating human tendencies through animal characters
- often includes talking animals or animated objects as the principal characters |
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| form of low comedy designed to provoke laughter through highly exaggerated caricatures of people in improbable or silly situations |
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| a rhyme of two or more syllables with a stress on a syllable other than the last one (e.g. history/mystery) |
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| use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later in literature |
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| when one or more smaller stories are included within the body of a larger story |
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1. a type of literature
2. type or category of literature or film marked by certain shared features or convention
3. broadest categories are poetry, drama, and fiction |
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1. signifies Germanic and medieval
2. literary style popular during the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th
- usually portrayed fantastic tales dealing with horror, despair, the grotesque and other “dark” subjects |
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consists of 3 lines
line 1: 5 syllables
line 2: 7 syllables
line 3: 5 syllables |
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term from Greek tragedy that literally means “missing the mark”
- came to signify a tragic flaw, misperception, lack of some important insight, or some blindness that ironically results from one’s own strengths and abilities |
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| line consisting of 6 metrical feet |
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| a sermon, or short, exhortatory work to be read before a group of listeners in order to instruct them spiritually or morally |
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1. a generic term for changing the normal or expected order of words - - including anastrophe, tmesis, hypallage, and other figures of speech
2. an inversion of normal word order |
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1. an exaggeration or overstatement
- used to increase the effect of a description |
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| using clauses with a precise degree of subordination and clear indication of the logical relationship between them |
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a common term of variable meaning
- includes the “mental pictures” that readers experience with a passage of literature
- signifies all the sensory perceptions referred to in poem |
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1. poetic device in which a word in the middle of a line rhymes with a word at the end of the same metrical line
2. have words that rhyme within it |
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1. literary term referring to how a person, situation, statement, or circumstance is not as it would actually seem
2. an implied discrepancy between what is said and what is meant |
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