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IB 105 Lecture 7-8
IB 105 Lecture 7-8
15
Environmental Studies
Undergraduate 2
03/01/2011

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Cards

Term
Type I survivorship curve
Definition
Survival is high until old age
Term
Type II survivorship curve
Definition
Mortality is spread evenly among all age groups
Term
Type III survivorship curve
Definition
Very high mortality among the young
Term
2.List the factors that influence population growth rates and population density.
Definition
r = b - d

Sex Ratio—Relative number of males and females in a population.
Age Distribution—Number of individuals of each age in the population.Dispersal: Movement of individuals
Emigration: leaving a population, often from crowded areas or in response to environmental change
Immigration: emigrating individuals become immigrants in a new population (joining a population)
Term
Population Density
Definition
Number of individuals per unit area.
Term
3.Describe the difference between exponential and logistic growth and why populations don’t grow exponentially forever.
Definition
exponential-The number of individuals in each generation is a multiple of the previous generation
Logistic growth describes this “S” shaped growth curve.
Term
4.Tell the four main factors determining carrying capacity.
Definition
Raw material availability
Energy availability
Waste accumulation and disposal
Organism interaction
Term
5.Explain why populations cycle.
Definition
See lynx hare example in slides
Term
6.Know the key life history traits.
Definition
Life history traits – characteristics of an individual that influence survival and reproduction
Age at maturity
Number of offspring produced
Number of reproductive events
Term
1.Describe the past, present, and projected future world population of humans (explain figure on slides 3 & 4).
Definition
population has become exponential graph, shot up.
Term
2.List the 6 factors that affect human population growth rate.
Definition
Same as for other species:
Birth rate
Death rate
Sex ratio
Age distribution
Immigration/emigration
Density
Term
3.Explain why women have more children in male-dominated societies and fewer children in developed countries.
Definition
In male-dominated societies, traditional role of women is to marry & have children
Term
4.List the two factors have the greatest control on birth rates.
Definition
1. Cultural role/status of women
2. Desires of women to have children
& access to birth control
Term
5.Recall the current size of the World Population and the US Population.
Definition
U.S. 310,825,424
(10 million more than one year ago)
World 6,900,142,775
Term
6.Explain how political policies in China and India changed their population growth rates.
Definition
China, 1 child law in 1979

India:
1. Little government intervention until recently
2. Some states emphasizing improving quality of life
Decrease infant mortality
Encourage education for women
3. Others enforcing sterility
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