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i<3arthistorypart2
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73
Agriculture
8th Grade
03/02/2011

Additional Agriculture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Palace of Minos

 

Knossos, Crete

-inner courtyard with restricted access ways(no big grand entrances)

-ashlar masonry

-half-timbering: wood placed b/w stones(dampening affect)

-wooden support columns:taper downwards

-room with stone throne:most likely for priestess

"throne room" had

*snake goddesses

*bull leaping fresco

*bull head rhyton

Term
[image]
Definition

Snake Goddesses

 

-found in Palace of Minos

-*New Palace Period

-made of faience: glasslike material

-snake represents life,death&rebirth

Term
[image]
Definition

Bull Leaping Fresco

 

-found in Palace of Minos

-*New Palace Period

-fresco made on lime based plaster

-profile view with *frontal eye

-*flying gallop: power & speed

-woman= white...men=red

Term
[image]
Definition

Bull's Head Rhyton

 

-found in Palace of Minos

-used for pouring liquid during rituals

-made of rock crystal, wooden horns & shells

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Spring Fresco

 

*Cyclades Art

-Akrotiri on Thera(Santorini was ancient Akrotiri before volcanic eruption in New Palace Period)

-stones, flowers & birds

-e restco(what teaghan/jeff?)

Term
[image]
Definition

Pylos Palace

 

-Plan of the Megaron

-Mycenaean Period

-Pylos focused solely on the megaron

-destroyed by fires

Term
[image]
Definition

Flotilla Fresco

 

Found at Akrotiri on Thera(west house)

-marine fresco

-shows profile view of the town/aerial view of the river...*combined perspective

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Mask of Agamenon

 

Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece

*late helladic period

found in citadel(shaft grave)

-shows commander in chief of greek army

 repousse

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Lions Gate

 

-Mycenaen Period

-ashlar masonry

-megalithic architecture

-corbelling arch: stepped, receding stones

-relieving triangle: lions in heraldic pose

-post & lintel; trilithon

-high relief

Term
[image]
Definition

Tholos Tomb(Treasury of Atreus)

 

-Mycenae(Aegean) Art

-megalithic architecture

-ashlar stones

-corbelling for arched ceiling

-dromos: path leading to entrance

-stomion: entranceway

tholos: chamber/round building

-weight of earth keeps stones in place

-relieving triangle w/ no saved piece

-*compare to lions gate*

Term
buon fresco
Definition

wet painting

-dries faster, but last longest

Term
corbelling
Definition
early architectural technique in which each stone projects slightly beyond the previous layer until the top meets. results in a high arch
Term
cyclopean masonry
Definition
a method of building using huge blocks of rough-hewn stone. a building of huuuuge size.
Term
faience
Definition
type of ceramic covered colorful, opaque glazes to form a smooth surface
Term
fresco secco
Definition
dry painting, flakes off
Term
hierarchy of scale
Definition
the use of different sizes for figures to indicate importance
Term
iconography
Definition
the study of significance and interpretation as the subject matter of art
Term
low relief
Definition
relief whose figures project slightly from the background
Term
megalithic
Definition
large stone structure
Term
megaron
Definition
the main hall of a mycenaean palace, having a columnar porch and a room with a central fireplace surrounded by 4 columns
Term
modeling
Definition
the process of molding a 3d form out of a malleable substance
Term
niello
Definition
a metal technique in which black sulfur alloy is rubbed into fine lines engraved into a metal. when heated, the alloy becomes fused with the metail and provides contrasting detail
Term
repousse
Definition
a technique of hammering metal from the back to create a protruding image.
Term
[image]
Definition

Black-figure Vatican Amphora

 

-depicts Achilles & Ajax playing dice

-*painter promoted to potter:Exekias

"Exekias made me"

-fine, incised lines

-Greek

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Krater by the Hirschfeld Painter Workshop

 

-Late Geometric Krater

-used as a grave marker(dipylon cemetery)

-prothesis: laying body out for visitation

-upper band of face shows prothesis

-painting in silhouette

-viewers of funeral have arms raised pulling out hair

-lower register has twisted chariot

-warriors carry dipylon shields(heroic past)

Term
[image]
Definition

New York Kouros

 

-*archaic period

-came from attica(cemetery near athens)

-young male, heroic nudity

-marble from naxos

-*frontality: carved from all 4 sides of stone

-bilateral symmetry, hair, muscle patterns

-influenced by Egyptian canon

Term
Collapse of Mycenaean Civilization 1200-1100
Definition

-Collapse began "Dark Age" (aka Early Iron Age)

-society no longer organized at state level

-loss of writing, elite arts

Term
[image]
Definition

Berlin Kore

 

-*Archaic Period

-female counterpart to the Kouros

-holding pomegranate: represents eternal life

-funerary statue

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Anavysos Kouros(Kroisos)

 

-from Anavysos cemetery in Attica

-more developed human figure

-*Archaic Period

-found with plinth: greek poem inscribed

Term
[image]
Definition

Peplos Kore

 

-*Archaic Period

-archaic smile

-votive statue

-would have had a bent arm

-attributes: objects which identify an individual

Term
[image]
Definition

Red-figure Krater

 

-Euphronios: painter

-Euxitheos: potter

-shows death of hero Sarpedon

-foreshortening

-hypnos & thanatos: heroes

-hermes in background-accompany to underworld

-kalos inscription- means good or beautiful

Term
red & black figure painting techniques
Definition

red originated after black

red: painting applied to unfired vessel. fired. then drawn over

black: vessel fired to turn black,then drawings were drawn onto it

Term
[image]
Definition

Doryphoros(spear bearer)

 

-by Polykleitos(has his own canon)

-*high classical period

-roman marble copy of greek bronze original

-trailing leg: behind, inactive

-contrapposto: balancing weight shift

-most copied roman work

-tree trunk is clear sign of roman copy

-summetria: measure of two things

 

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Kritios Boy

 

-from acropolis of athens

-votive offering

-no longer uses bilateral symmetry

-muscle movement

-*archaic period

 

 

Term
high classical period
Definition

-summetria:combination of two things

-commensurability

-proportion

Term
[image]
Definition

Delphi Charioteer

 

-bronze statue commissioned for victory of a chariot team

-commissioned by Polyzalus

Term
[image]
Definition
-memorize locations of Parthenon, Propylaia, Temple of Athena Nike, & Erechteion
Term
[image]
Definition

Athena Parthenos

 

-sculptor: pheidias

-42 ft tall

-*438 BCE

-smaller: ionic

Term
[image]
Definition

Parthenon

 

-c.447-432 BCE

-sponser/patron: Perikles

-architects: Iktinos & Kallikrates

-master sculpture: Pheidias

-stylobate curvature: steps not flat

-columns angled slightly

-extra wide for statue of athena

-entasis- columns swell

-columns 8x17

 

pediments: triangular space near ceiling

-eastern pediment: birth of Athena

-western pediment: contest b/w athena & poseidon

-metopes: mythological scenes(doric style)

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Lapis fighting a Centaur

 

-Metope from the south of Parthenon

-*high classical art

-shows action

Term
[image]
Definition

Parthenon Frieze

 

-two main friezes

-doric frieze: 92 metope reliefs showing battles, all dealing with two legendary figures

-processional frieze: ionic frieze that shows a festival celebration. heroic nudity. shows presentation of peplos cloth to athena

Term
[image]
Definition

Temple of Athena Nike

 

-ionic style temple

-amphiprostyle plan: porch on each end

-surrounded by parapet:low wall

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Propylaia

 

-Doric columns

-Mnesikles: architect

Term
[image]
Definition

Erechtheion

 

-temple of athena polias

-issues with topography & religious priests: irregular plan

-columns with attic ionic bases: adapted by Romans

-porch of the maidens(caryatid: female figure column)

Term
[image]
Definition

Aphrodite of Knidos by Praxiteles

 

-roman copy

-first representation of nude aphrodite

-contrapposto

-original: marble c. 350-340

*late classical period

Term
[image]
Definition

Weary Herakles by Lysippos

 

-roman copy

-hand behind back holding apples of hesperides

*high classical period

*c. 320 BCE

Term
[image]
Definition

*"anasis made me"

signature on attic black-figure amphora

painters actual name unknown

-dionysos and maenads

Term
[image]
Definition

Attic Red Figure Krater

*"Euphronions drew me"

crater: mixed wine & water

-shows death of sarpedon

-foreshortening

 

Term
caduceus(kerykeion)
Definition
staff held by hermes in the red river krater
Term
cella or naos
Definition
inner chamber in a temple. room in central building
Term
caryatid
Definition
a sculpture of a draped female figure acting as a column
Term
chryselephantine technique
Definition
sculpture made of gold or ivory
Term
capital
Definition
the sculpted block that tops a column.
Term
doric order
Definition

-columns stand on flat pavement

-topped with smooth capital

-alternating trigylphs & metopes

Term
ionic order
Definition

-has a frieze

-stands on a platform

-has the scroll looking thing on top

Term
entasis
Definition
slight swelling of the shaft of the greek column. makes column appear to be straight from afar
Term
frieze
Definition
the middle element of the entablature between the architrave and the cornice. usually decorated with a sculpture.
Term
opithodomos
Definition
in greek temples, the entrance porch or room at the back
Term
peripteral 
Definition
any building or room that is surrounded by a single row of columns
Term
stylobate
Definition
in classical architecture, the stone foundation on which a temple colonnade stands
Term
tessera
Definition
the small piece of stone that is pierced together to create a mosaic
Term
triglyph
Definition
rectangular block between the metopes on a doric frieze. has 3 vertical grooves.
Term
[image]
Definition

Capitoline Wolf

 

-twins added 15th century

-shows story of founding of rome

-little windows suggest single pour- medieval technique. 

-ancient sources talk of wolf, but not this wolf

-actually created 8-9th century

Term
[image]
Definition

Reconstruction of an Etruscan temple

 

-covered roofs with terracotta ceramics

-vitruvius "tuscan" order(similar to doric)

-model based on vitruvius's handbook "10 books on architecture"

no columns around back, or pediment

 

Term
[image]
Definition
Plan of an Etruscan Temple
Term
[image]
Definition

Apollo of Veii

-found in temple of minerva at veii

-master sculpture: vulca?

-no contropestto, but in motion

-shows estruscans didn't do nudity

-tuscan terracotta sculpture

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Tomb of the Reliefs, Cerveteri

 

-architectural burial underground

-instead of painting walls, they're carved out of relief

Term
[image]
Definition

Tomb of the Triclinium, Tarquinia

 

tufo= volcanic tuff

-burial chamber below ground

-males= red, females= white.

-painted

Term
[image]
Definition

Reclining Couple on a Sarcophagus from Cerveteri

 

-husband and wife scene

-more intimacy in etruscan art

-woman held more recognition here than in greece

Term
[image]
Definition

Aulus Metullus "The Orator"

 

-naturalism

-"verism"= actually shows face, not ideal face

-adlocutio pose

-lifesize statue

 

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Temple of Aphaia on Aegina 

 

-columns around building

-pediments have sculptures

 

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