Elegy

A mournful poem, a lament for the dead

Ode

Personification

Giving human traits to inanimate objects

Allusion

Reference to mythology or other published works that the reader should be familiar with

Alliteration

Repitition of 2 initial sounds within a line

Assonance

Reptition of 2 or more vowel sounds within a line

Consonance

Repition of 2 or more consanant sounds within a line

End rhyme

Rhyming at the ends of lines

Internal rhyme

Rhyming words within a line

Sonnet

Fourteen-line poem devised first by Giacamo de Lentini.

Petrarchan: 2 parts- octave (8 lines) & sestet (6 lines)

ABBAABBA CDECDE

Shakespearean: 4 parts- 3 quatrains (4 lines) & couplet (2 lines)

ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

Onomatopoeia

one or more words that imitate or suggest the source of the sound they are describing.

EX: "Oink!"; "Meow"; or "Roar!"

Ballad

A narrative song with a recurrent refrain (the stanza that reoccurs in the poem)

Irony & Dramatic Irony

Irony: When the opposite happens from what you would expect.

Dramatic Irony: When you know something that the actors do not know

Simile

A comparison using like or as.

A direct comparison

EX: As brave as a lion
As bright as a button

Metaphor

A comparison that does not use like or as

An indirect comparison

EX: She's the apple of my eye

Oxymoron

conjoining contradictory terms

EX: cruel kindness

make haste slowly

Symbol

When an object, person, place, event,or quality is chosen to stand for something other than itself, something which is not directly compared in the poem

Romeo and Juliet Background Info

• The Renaissance ("the act of being reborn)
• Written in 1595 and based on Arthur Brooke's "The Tragicall Historye oh Tomeus and Juliet"; & "Pyramus and Thisbe"; & Deporto's Romeo and Guilletta
• The Elizabethan Era (1533-1603)

Macbeth Curse

1606: Actor became very ill

1937: Director died mid-rehearsal

1937: Actor playing Macbeth dropped dead

1942:  King Duncan dropped dead, 2 witches as well

1950: A theatre almost burned down mid-performance

1960: A passerby got a spear to the head

The Globe: A canon fired during a performance caused the thatched roof to catch on fire in 1613. Burned to the ground in 2 hours

Meaning of Ralph

Means “wolf council,”

can be interpreted as Ralph’s ability to be a crafty leader.

Ralph makes final decisions and creatively spares the stranded children from sheer chaos.

‘Better Piggy than Fatty,’ he said at last, with the directness of true leadership, ‘and anyway, I’m sorry if you feel like that” (25).

Meaning of Piggy

Prey/the hunted one

no one likes him, and his ideas are always "shot down"

Meaning of Jack

means “he who supplants,”

Can be noted as how he can be arrogant and thirsty for power, enough to uproot a leader like Ralph.

Meaning of Simon

Means “to hear.”

This associates with the leaders and overhears all the important conversations but never speaks out himself.

Meaning of Roger

Means “renowned spears man” 

AKA a talented spears men.

Roger follows Jack, and that is bringing him towards violence and savageness.

Forms of the beastie

Snake, Coming out of the water, Pig's head, Parachutist, Boulder (Chapter 7), Squid (Littluns), Everyone's mind (Simon)

LOF theme: Loss of civilization

The boys lose all civilization when they begin to kill eachother. Once Simon was killed and the boys remained indifferent, the theme of loss of civilization and savageness was introduced

 LOF theme: Regression to Savagery

The boys on the island do not wear much clothing, they paint their faces and weild sticks like the early cavemen. This displays complete regression.

 LOF theme: Blindness

LOF theme: Sight

Ralph and Piggy deny the murder of Simon, their sight, or perspective, of judgment is impaired. On a literal standpoint, Piggy cannot see because Jack’s clan took his glasses.

LOF Ch. 7: On page 109, what is Ralph beginning to miss? Why?  What theme is being expressed?

Ralph is missing cleanliness and civilization.  The theme expressed is return to savagery because they don’t have proper hygene anymore.

LOF Ch. 7: What do the boys think they see at the top of the mountain?  How do they react? Why?

The boys think they saw the beast at the top of the mountain.  They were very scared and ran screaming.  It was actually a rock that made a chattering noise “ something like a great ape was sitting asleep with its head between its knees” (123).

LOF Ch. 7  “You’ll get back to where you came from.” (111) What do Simon’s words indicate about his personality?

Simon has a positive attitude and he believes in Ralph.  Simon translates to faith.

LOF Ch. 7 “Ralph too was fighting…” (114-115). How is Ralph being influenced? Theme?

Jack is influencing Ralph to be more violent. This portrays the theme of savagery between the boys on the island.

LOF Ch. 7  “You want a pig?” (115). Foreshadow? Theme?

This foreshadows sacrifices that that littluns will have to face in later chapters of the book. It depicts the theme of survival of the fittest. 

LOF Ch. 8: Jack calls a meeting for the first time.  What are 2 criticisms of Ralph that Jack makes?

Jack basically says that Ralph is incapable of hunting.  “What’s the good of climbing up to this here beast…” (128).  “ I said we could all do without…” (129).

LOF Ch. 8:  Jack calls for a vote of Ralph to be ousted.  What is the result?  What does Jack do?  Explain how this shows separation of the boys.

Jack looses the vote.  Then Jack wanted to make two different groups on the island, and go against Ralph.  “The humiliating tears…” (127).

LOF Ch. 8: Name some examples on killing a sow is more brutal than before.

When Jack kills the pig he first stabs it with a spear, then the pig runs into the tree. Then Jack stabbed the pig so much that it could be torn to pieces easily, then spear through the throat. 

LOF Ch. 8:  What do the hunters steal from Ralph and his crew?  What do they invite them to do?

The hunters steal the fire from Ralph and Piggy.  They invite them to come to the party and eat meat.

LOF Ch. 8:   Describe the Lord of the Flies. (more than just a pig’s

head)

The Lord of the Flies is Simon’s imaginary friend that talks to him like his conscience.  He felt guilty that the pig was killed.

LOF Ch. 9 What does Simon discover about the beast, and what does he plan to do?

Simon discovers that the beast is merely a dead parachuter and plans to tell the group about it

LOF Ch. 9 This chapter is considered the climax of the novel. What critical incedent occurs in Chapter 9 that signals a turning point in the story--"no turning back"-- and why?

Simon’s death signals a “turning point” because it represented sole separation from civilization. The group of boys are completely losing their morals and values and taking the situation more and more into a fantasy world

LOF Ch. 9 Why does the beat-parachutist leave? What might it symbolize?

The wind blew Beastie away and this portrays the separation of fear and complete initiation of savagery

LOF Ch. 10 What is the name of the "fort" where Jack and his crew have set up camp?

Castle Rock

LOF Ch. 10 What does Jack have waiting at the entrance of his camp for "introuders"?

Samneric guard Jack’s clan’s fort, and they work as security guards.

LOF Ch. 10 Characterize Jack's rule. How does he keep it in order?

Jack’s rule is a dictatorship. Littluns fallow him because he lets them have fun and he supplies them with food.

LOF Ch. 10 What does Jack and his gang steal from Ralph and Piggy this time?

They steal Piggy’s “specs” to make a fire

LOF Ch. 10 How have Piggy and Ralph been three blind mice?

Ralph and Piggy deny the murder of Simon, their sight, or perspective, of judgment is impaired. On a literal standpoint, Piggy cannot see because Jack’s clan took his glasses.

LOF Ch. 11 & 12 Describe what happened when Ralph and Piggy when to Castle Rock in Ch. 11.

Piggy confronts Jack and Roger releases a boulder that forces Piggy to fall of the cliff.

LOF Ch. 11 & 12 On page 172 the boys "understood only too well the liberation into savagery that the concealing paint brought" (172). What does this mean? How can putting on paint allow someone to be savage?

It means they understood how painting faces brought someone they aren’t. They can be whoever they want to be.

LOF Ch. 11 & 12 What is Jack planning to do to Ralph in Ch. 12? How to the savages force Ralph to flee from his hiding spots?

Jack planned to “smoke Ralph off the island” and burn him with a fire. They try to get him to flee his different hiding spots by lighting a fire and forcing him to leave the forest.

LOF Ch. 11 & 12 How is Ralph saved in the end? Include details.

Ralph is saved just in time when a naval officer comes and takes them all home. He is told exactly what happened on the island. The naval officer found Ralph and he was weary and astonished, and he comments of the oddity to find a group of young boys to kill one of their own.

Symbol: Fire 

Getting rescued

Symbol: Pig

Represents savageness

Symbol: Conch

Represents authority

Symbol: Warpaint

Represents separation from society

Symbol: Parachutist

Represents something frightening

Symbol: Specs

Represents Piggy's ability to see; spirit, pride

Symbol: Creepers

Represents fear of unknown

Symbol: Sharpened stick at both ends

Represents two different types of power.

Savage vs. Civilized

Symbol: Choir Boys

Represent immaturity; savageness