Term
| Components of Hydraulic Conductivity(K) |
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Definition
a function of rock & fluid
Influenced by:
sediments: porosity, fractures, grain size, pore connectivity (permeability)
fluid: type, temperature (dynamic viscosity & density) |
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Term
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Definition
ability of a porous material to allow fluids to pass through it:
porosity, fractures, grain size, pore connectivity of sediments etc. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Flow always occurs from area of high values to lower values.
Can define work required to mvoe mass form one location to a second location |
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Term
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Definition
| all work done on mass of interest to move from datum to P |
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Term
| What happens when you change grain diameter (d), density, and viscosity? |
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Definition
increase d, increase space for flow
increase density, increase pressure
increase viscosity, decrease specific discharge |
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Term
| What is the density and viscosity of water, and the permeability of soil? |
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Definition
density of water=1 g/cm^3±%
viscosity of water=10^-3 Pa*s ± %
permeability of soil=10^-12 m2 ±6 orders of magnitude (i.e. gravel: 10^-6, clay=10^-18 |
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Term
| How and why permeability (k) changes |
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Definition
homogeneous=>K or k is independent of position
Heterogeneous=>K or k depends on position
Isotropic=> K or k is independent of direction
Anisotropic=> K or k depends on direction of measurement |
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Term
| What is Representative Elemental Volume? (REV) |
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Definition
| any piece of system that represents bulk volume behaviour |
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Term
| Define Specific Storage (Ss) |
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Definition
Ss=1/fluid density *(dfluid density/dh)*dh/dl
Ss=>change in volume of fluid stored per unit volume of porous media per unit change in hydraluic head [units of 1/L] |
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Term
| What are teh two components of of Specific Storage (Ss)? |
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Definition
uniaxial compressibility of porous media (cµ)
bulk compressibility of fluid |
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Term
| Darcy's Law works in most porous media flows, such as: |
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Definition
saturated flow [single fluid]
unsaturated flow [multiple fluids]
steady-state & transient systems
aquifer flow [very high K] & aquitard system [very low K] |
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Term
| How equipotential and stream surfaces relate to physical boundings? |
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Definition
Equipotentials=> constant head (lakes, rivers, water level in well)
Stream surfaces=>shales, clays, basement rock, concrete, steel sheets, other forms of boundaries to aquifiers. Consider stream surfaces because we assume no flow across them, only tangent to them. |
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Term
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Definition
Q=mKH/n
∆Q=flow in streamtube
m=# of streamtubes across a flow net
n=# of head drops across a flow net
K=constant of proportionality=hydraulic conductivity
H=total head drop |
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