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-Hindu term for "liberation"
-Sanskrit term that means "release"
- It is a release from the realm of existence into the infinite ocean of the divine |
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| A common essence which all forms of reality share |
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The ultimate reality within
- The eternal self |
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Hinduism's oldest sacred text, nearly 4000 years old
- Written in Sanskrit |
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The ancient philosophical texts that form the basis of most Hindu doctrines
- from 900-200 BC, written in Sanskrit |
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a doctrine which claims the individual is reincarnated from one life to another
- means the "wheel of birth" |
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Hinduism's most popular sacred text
-in the Mohaborata |
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Functions hand in hand with Samsara
- It determines the nature of each reincarnation
- means "action" or "deeds"
- Determines all particular circumstances and situations of one's life |
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Standard for determining the rightness or wrongness of actions
- It is the ethical duty based on the divine order of reality |
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| What is the experience of Moksha characterized by? |
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Definition
| infinite being, infinite awareness, and infinite bliss |
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| What doctrine says that all reality is ultimately one? |
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| Give an analogy that describes monism |
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| All rivers, lakes, and droplets of water share a common essence, originating from the ocean and eventually returning to it |
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| The 3 largest religious bodies in India |
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Definition
| Hindu, Muslim and Christian |
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| The 4 classes of the Hindu caste system and what people belong to each |
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Definition
Brahmin- priests
Kshatriya- warriors and administrators
Vaishya- Producers, farmers, merchants, and artisans
Shudra- Servants and laborers |
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| What were the "outcastes" called? |
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Definition
The untouchables (known by Harijan by Gandhi)
-3000 subcastes- must marry w/in their subcastes |
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Definition
That of the Student
- Stage when undergoing an initiation ritual about the time of puberty
- Characterized by intensive study of the Vedas and other sacred literature which lasts until marriage |
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That of the Householder
- The worldly tasks of pursuing a career and raising a family are central
(man- get a job, women- raise family) |
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The Forest Dweller Stage
- Begins with the birth of the first grandchild
- allows him to retreat from worldly bands in order to engage fully in a spiritual quest |
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That of the sannyasin or wandering ascetic
- For forest dwellers who are ready to return to society, but remain detached from the normal attractions and distractions of social life |
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| Name the 6 groups who were vying for supplies after the earthquake |
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Definition
| Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, Untouchables, Muslims |
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| Name the 6 groups who were vying for supplies after the earthquake |
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Definition
| Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, Untouchables, Muslims |
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The paths followed by Hindus on their way to Moksha
- The path of works
- The path of knowledge
Asceticism
- The path of devotion |
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| Comic illusion in which the world and all finite beings are within |
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The Preserver
- One of the 330 million gods of Hinduism
- He is regarded as the supreme protector and example of moral perfection- he keeps things going |
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The Destroyer
- The destruction brought about by the shiva makes way for new creation |
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A goddess (wife of Shiva)
- A bloodthirsty violent destroyer of her enemies
- demands blood sacrifice |
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| An incarnation or living embodiment of a deity who is sent to earth to accomplish a divine purpose |
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| An avatar of Vishnu in the Bhagavad-Gita |
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A popular avatar
- The hero of the Ramayana who is an incarnation of Vishnu |
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A popular avatar
- The hero of the Ramayana who is an incarnation of Vishnu |
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The most famous and sacred River
- its water is believed to purify all sins |
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| What did Gandhi fight for? |
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Indian Independence from the British
- Seen as almost a perfect symbol of Hinduism
- Stood up against oppression through nonviolence and civil disobedience |
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The 2 groups have lived side by side in South Asia and often erupt in violence
- Pakistan was formed by partitioning |
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| Identify 3 aspects of Hindu devotional life |
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Definition
1. Numerous household and village rituals
2. Holy places (pilgrimages)
3. Veneration to cows |
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The practice of burning a widow
- was officially forbidden in 1829 but still occasionally occurs |
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| How many gods do the Hindus have? |
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Definition
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| Gandhi's 2 greatest Accomplishments |
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Definition
- Gaining Indian Independence from Britain
- Getting rid of the caste system in India |
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