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HUN4221 test 3
Obesity
21
Health Care
Undergraduate 4
04/21/2009

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
BMI obesity
Definition
BMI = kg/m2, overwt- 25-29.9 BMI, obese- >30 BMI
Term
Healthy people 2010
Definition
Goals: reduce # of obese to less than 15%, reduce # of children & adolescents overwt/obese to less than 5%, not close at all
Term
Contributing obesity factor #1
Definition
energy imbalance, portion distortion, excessive caloric intake
Term
contributing factor #2
Definition
too much sedentary time, no physical ed classes, certain environments do not promote exercise
Term
contributing factor #3
Definition
obesity does have strong genetic determinants, but pop genetics have not changed dramatically in the last few deacdes
Term
obesity related disease categories
Definition
disabilities that arise from the actual increase of fat mass, diseases that arise from metabolic changes associated with excess fat
Term
diseases related to metabolic changes
Definition
DM type 2, gall bladder dz, CVD, cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver dz
Term
obeesity & type 2 DM
Definition
>90% diabetics overwt/obese
Term
glucocentric view
Definition
hyperglycemia caused by obesity related insulin resistance & b-cell loss, treated w/ anti-hyperglycemic agents and high dose insulin if necessary
Term
lipocentic view
Definition
hyperglycemia, b-cell loss, & insulin resistance secondary to metabolic trauma caused by lipotoxicity, treated by eliminating lipid overload
Term
gastric banding conclusions
Definition
intensive wt loss may be better 1st option than lifestyle changes
Term
FFA
Definition
plasma FFA elevated in obese individuals & Type 2 DM, insulin resistance at adipocytes = increased lipolysis = increased FFAs
Term
insulin resistance in skeletal muscle
Definition
elevated FFAs inhibit insulin stimulated glucose uptake, effect is at level of glucose transport
Term
insulin resistance in liver
Definition
endogenous glucose production is increased in type 2 DM, type 2 patients have 60% increase in gluconeogenesis
Term
FFA and b-cell destruction
Definition
ectopic lipids can cause destruction of b-cells, when FFAs get to certain level b-cells are incapable of keeping up with glucose levels
Term
Tumor necrosis factor a
Definition
pro inflammatory cytokine, inhibits tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptors in adipocytes, obesity associated w/ over expression of TNF-a
Term
interleukin-6
Definition
controls production of c-reactive protein, chronic increased IL-6 leads to inflammatory that could cause insluin resistance, IL-6 production increased in obesity
Term
adiponectin
Definition
highly expressed in adipose tissue, increases insulin sensitivity & decreases gluconeogenesis, under expressed in obese and type 2 patients
Term
leptin
Definition
controls food intake and energy expenditure, obesity has high leptin levels suggesting leptin resistance
Term
clincal implication of lipocentric concept
Definition
intensive insulin therapy contraindicated, overwt pts should restrict cals to prevent dz, eliminate hyperglycemia w/o exacerbating lipid overload
Term
ACCORD trial
Definition
support for lipocentric concept, results suggest that overpowering insulin resistance may be harmful, may force lipogenesis & promote ectopic deposition
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