Term
ARCHITECTURE:
William LeBaron Jenney |
|
Definition
| One of first architects in city to take on problem in design for Home Insurance Building |
|
|
Term
ARCHITECTURE:
Louis Sullivan |
|
Definition
One of Chicago's most influential architects
Absorebed essentail principles of academic architecture -> funtional planning, sound construction, expressive decoration |
|
|
Term
ARCHITECTURE:
Dankmar Adler |
|
Definition
Produced series of buildings that addressed architectual problems
Ideas were demonstrated in "Wainwright Building" |
|
|
Term
ARCHITECTURE:
Burnham & Root |
|
Definition
| Designed the "Reliance Building" in Chicago |
|
|
Term
PAINTING: Realism
Gustave Courbet |
|
Definition
Painted what he say: ugly or beautiful
Painted: "The Stonebreakers" <-- portrayed reality; Facade and pyschology |
|
|
Term
PAINTING: Realism
Ford Madox Brown |
|
Definition
Painted subjects that had philosophical or social relevance
Painted: "Work"
Shows sharp contrast b/w busy laborers and elegant passersby |
|
|
Term
PAINTING: Realism
Thomas Eakins |
|
Definition
Affected by work of Velazquez
PainteD: "Max Schmitt in a Single Scull" |
|
|
Term
PHOTOGRAPHY
Eadweard Muybridge |
|
Definition
PICTURE: "Studies in Animal Locomotion"
First important publication of both human and animal figure in motion |
|
|
Term
PHOTOGRAPHY
Eadweard Muybridge |
|
Definition
PICTURE: "Studies in Animal Locomotion"
First important publication of both human and animal figure in motion |
|
|
Term
POETRY:
Charles Baudelaire |
|
Definition
Art critic
Extremely sensitive to achievements of best painters; Delacroix
POETRY: collection claled "Les fluers du mal (The Flowers of Evil)
-> Shocked bourgeois public |
|
|
Term
THINKERS/WRITERS:
Charles Darwin |
|
Definition
BOOK: "Origin of Species"
BOOK: "The Descent of Man"
Showed thru scientific obserations "lower" animals that humankind was integral part of world
Species developed thru mutations in inherited characteristics
Natural Selection
survival of fittest |
|
|
Term
THINKERS/WRITERS:
Herbert Spencer |
|
Definition
Proclaimed a doctrine of agnosticism (impossibility of knowing the existence of God with certainty)
> Social Darwinism
Argued that society, like world, was governed by principle of evolution |
|
|
Term
THINKERS/WRITERS:
Friedrich Nietzsche |
|
Definition
Saw human nature in terms of evolution toward freedom & elimination of weakness
Superman; great men advance history |
|
|
Term
THINKERS/WRITERS:
Fyodor Dostoevsky |
|
Definition
BOOK: "Notes from the Underground"
> Symbol of utopia of those who beleive in the doctrines of progress through science and materialism
BOOK: Four great novels, "Crime and Punishment", "The Idiot", "The Possessed", "The Brothers of Karamazov"
> Ideas are given flesh and blood through complexity adn fullness of his tortured extremist characters and the setting in which tey play out their destinies |
|
|
Term
WRITERS/THINKERS:
Karl Marx |
|
Definition
BOOK: "Communist Manifesto"
Marx believed that the downfall of capitalism was inevitable, and that it would be replaced by communism
Dialectic
Human consciousness > nature dominates man, private property is acquired and man dominates nature (capitalism), self-realization, communism |
|
|
Term
WRITERS/THINKERS:
John Stuart Mill |
|
Definition
| Utilitarianism: The belief that the value of a thing or an action is determined by its utility |
|
|
