Term
| The four main concepts of the Enlightenment are... |
|
Definition
1. Individual place not fixed
2. Society constantly improved by changing
3. concerned with life on Earth & future (not afterlife)
4. Find truth by studying nature |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the religious belief that evolves during this time? |
|
Definition
| Deism (nickname for God is clock maker/watch maker) - God created the world to let it go |
|
|
Term
| Literature of the era was written more for the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why was the literature of the era written for the middle class? |
|
Definition
1. Protestant Reformation
2. Rising literacy rate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Introduced concept of "tabula rosa" (blank slate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Developed theory of laissez faire (influenced the American Rev.)
2. The division of labor (individuals are more efficient if they specialize) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wrote "Vindication of the Rights of Women" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wrote "Dictionary of the English Language" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organized publication of the "Encyclopedia" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Wrote that slavery is unnatural & evil
2. Created theory of separation of powers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wrote Candide - satirized philosophical optimism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| origins of philosophical optimism - belief that all is for the best in the best of all possible worlds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Wrote of the Social Contract (implied contract exists btwn individual & gov't)
2. Government can be destroyed if it breaks the contract
3. Spread the ideas of the "Noble Savage" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Declaration of Independence |
|
|
Term
| Two most important outcomes of the Enlightment? |
|
Definition
| 1. Declaration of Independence |
|
|
Term
| Literature changed from... |
|
Definition
1. verse to prose
2. philosophy to sentimental
3. aristocracy to commoners
4. great concerns to common concerns
5. for the educated to helping the educated |
|
|
Term
| Effects of Louis XVI's lifestyle |
|
Definition
1. large debts
2. had to borrow money from merchant middle class
3. raised taxes on middle class
4. feared the nobility
5. only those w/ 4 generations of aristocracy eligible for office
6. poor peasants are starving
7. wheat crop failed
8. bread riots
9. stormed Bastille to start the French Rev.
10. Rev. degrades into Reign of Terror |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase volume gradually, decrease volume gradually |
|
|
Term
| 3 main sections of the sonata-form movement |
|
Definition
1. exposition
2. development
3. recapitulation
- includes coda, means tail or end |
|
|
Term
| 4 movements of Classical symphony form |
|
Definition
1. fast
2. slow
3. dance
4. fast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. soloist plays w/o accompaniment
2. show virtuosity & interpretive skills
3. end of 1st & sometimes 3rd movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. designed for small performance space
2. can be considered a musical convo
3. performed by string quartet (2 violins, viola, cello) |
|
|
Term
| 6 reasons Beethoven's 9th symphony is unique |
|
Definition
1. Choral Symphony
2. ties movements by repeating themes from previous movements in a finale
3.longest symphony
4. sums up Enlightment (freedom) |
|
|
Term
| 3 main concepts of Romanticism |
|
Definition
1. free the imaginiation
2. desire to escape
3. love of nature |
|
|
Term
| Romanticism to the extreme |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 changes from Classical music to Romantic music |
|
Definition
1. expands classical forms
2. expands orchestra
3. timbre, dynamics, & pitch |
|
|
Term
| patrons for romantic music go from |
|
Definition
| specific people to inner need |
|
|
Term
| term used for music that gives the flavor of foreign lands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| term used for musical tone color |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wrote the New World Symphony |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| term used for a way to fund performing organizations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| term used for instrumental music with a story line |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| term used for tempo variations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| incorporates idees fixes into his work |
|
Definition
| (reoccurring musical theme) Hector Berlioz |
|
|
Term
| early englihs romantic authors wrote what form of literature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 common topics for Romantic writers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 common rebels in romantic literature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of woman is common poe's work |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3-word-phrase used in both classical music & romantic literature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Goethe's best known work is titled... |
|
Definition
| Faust (represents universal human, sells his soul to Mephistopheles) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rejects Baroque & Rococo, no dramatic lighting, no loose brush, emphasis on line drawing |
|
|
Term
| Neo-classicism subject matter |
|
Definition
| public educator > dip brush in intellect > art should have message for the public, not a private patron |
|
|
Term
| Neo-classicism influence & philosophy |
|
Definition
| French Revolution, excavations (digging) in Italy gets people interested, stoicism (do your duty) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no more church b/c it's not unified, mostly middle class & the state, not nobility b/c of french rev. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft & subdued colors, very subtle, no immediate violence, painted for Nap. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leader of the Neo-classicism after David, line can do anything, portraits are popular & idealized, wanted to be known for classical history paintings |
|
|
Term
| Vigee-lebrun Neo-Classicism |
|
Definition
| most successful woman artist of all time, painted portraits of women, spreads Empire style of dress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rejection of Neo-classicism, dramatic lighting, passion, drama |
|
|
Term
| Romanticism influences & philosophy |
|
Definition
| Industrial Rev., French Rev., study of science |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| free imagination (immediate violence, sleep of reason creates monsters) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| escape (lion hunt, studies color, no bloody gory action) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| political cartoonist, expressive use of line, urban life, desire to escape? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decided which style was the most accepted in France, gaining power |
|
|
