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| Constantine moves capital to... |
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| Early Christianity's most important trait was... |
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| Greatest byzantine emperor was... |
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| People make pilgrimages to... |
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| What becomes the center of learning? |
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| The purpose of liturgical drama was... |
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| ideal courtly love, knights & ladies |
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| Canterbury Tales were by... |
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| Canterbury tales were about... |
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| 29 pilgrims going to london, each pilgrim tells two stories on the way there & two on the way back, mixture of romance, legend, fable, & morality tales |
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| Medieval epic differs from earlier epics b/c... |
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| it's concerned with the spiritual |
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| Byzantine combines Roman &... |
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| The four characteristics of Plainsong are... |
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1. a capella
2. non metrical
3. limited range
4. latin text |
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| The two types of polyhpony... |
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Definition
1. orgamum (parallel & contrasting)
2. cantus firmus (chant stays the same) |
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| Key developments of Leonin & Perotin were... |
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Definition
1. set definate time values
2. clearly defined meter
3. notation indicating precise pitches & rhythms |
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| Secular music in France for nobles was performed by... |
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Definition
1. troubadours
2. troveres
3. trobavite |
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| First Crusade was designed to... |
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| free the Holy Land from the Muslims |
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| The richest form of 2D Byzantine art was... |
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| stone, small windows, small round arch & small dome, along the pilgrimages, manuscripts & tapestries |
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| stone, high arches, tall towers, stain glass, virgin mary (rose windows), cities (grew around them b/c of money) |
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| Italy was the center of... |
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1. industry
2. urbanization
3. commerce |
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| Humanists wanted to be trained in... |
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| Humanists are concerned with... |
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| Humanists believe the only sources of knowledge are |
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| Humanists base life on... |
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| In the Middle Ages the approach to life is... |
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| Italy (then spreads to N. Europe) |
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| major architect, reformulates the rules of perspective, changes style of architecture to "Renaissance", mathematical proportion, classical |
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| The seven influences, discoveries, & techniques that affected Renaissance art were... |
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Definition
1. disfavor in the church
2. trade = city growth, money based economy
3. Crusaders brought back Greek & Roman ideas
4. artis more prized for their intellect
5. humanism
6. chiroscuro
7. shemato |
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| 1st free standing monumental scupture since Roman times (David - relaxed & confident b/c humans already succeeded) |
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| one of the 1st to use Brunelleshi's perspective (Holy Trinity), deep space, center of interest is above center of painting, even lighting |
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| very concerned with view point, real people experiencing real emotions |
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| expert on perspective, also need light & shadow |
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| colors are very important, less concern on extreme depth, focuses on beauty of figure, crisp edges, linear style |
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| first nude Goddess since Roman times, studies human anatomy, created chiaroscuro (light & dark) & shemato (smoke), Last Supper is considered first painting of the High Ren., believes paintins is a psychological experience |
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| Michelangelo Buonarroti (High Renaissance) |
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| sculptor, studied anatomy, pieta (Virgin Mary), classical, David shows contained power & says man can succeed |
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| loved, many paintings of Madonna & child, painted School of Athens in the Vatican (last painting in High Ren.) |
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| art students, color is very important |
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| first to build of canvas w/ color from the very beginning, student of Bellini |
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| perfects oil painting technique, painted portraits & mythical subjects, exclusively used canvas |
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| Michaelangelo (Late Renaissance) |
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| The Last Judgement, Mannerist - chaotic, emotional, dramatic, extreme |
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| Madonna w/ long neck, elongates neck to make it look other-wordly |
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| Desposition, swirling circular eye movement, emotional color, ambiguous landscape |
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| unusual viewpoints & dramatic lighting |
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| Greek who studied in Italy & lived in Spain, color = emotional, dramatic lighting, elongates body except for portraits |
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| Petrarch is best known for... |
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| The Decameron is similar to the... |
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| Machiavelli wanted strong central gov't to drive the... |
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| Machiavelli believed that the central problem for leaders is... |
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| Machiavelli believed that virtu is... |
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| the ability of the leader to objectively measure oneself |
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| Machiavelli believed that the morality of... |
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| leader & private citizen differs |
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| Machiavelli believes that people are... |
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| Machiavelli believes that ends justify... |
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| In The Prince, the leader should be... |
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| In The Prince, the leader should avoid being... |
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| hated by not taking property |
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| In The Prince, if the leader must take someone's life... |
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| In The Prince, the leader should be like the... |
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| In The Prince, the leader should not remain... |
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| neutral when two neighbors are at war |
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| ... helped circulate music during the Ren. |
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| The 8 examples of word-painting are... |
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Definition
1. scored in low register (dramatizes the durge)
2. slow rythm (emphasizes important topic)
3. flowing, polyphonice line (shows fountain)
4. chordal base & soprano line (shows fountain)
5. harmonic progression (imitates death cry of swan)
6. missing voice (represents Lorenzo's absence)
7. short, repeated melody (represents steps into grave)
8. single, unchanging note (show's death's permanence) |
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| A famous International composer of sacred music is... |
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| A famous Italian composer of sacred music is... |
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1. polyphonic (multiple lines)
2. choral
3. set to Latin text |
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| ... are secular music for several voices set to a short poem |
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| Families of instruments ranging from soprano to bass are called... |
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| During the Renaissance, the interest shifts from the mystical to this... |
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| Iconoclasm was an early form of... |
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| Groups that are the greatest patrons of the arts are the... |
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| church & the merchant-princes |
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