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Humanities Exam Review
Review for Humanities Exam
53
Other
Undergraduate 2
12/08/2009

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Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Dr. Tulp's Anatomy Lesson

Rembrandt

Dissections were something of a theatrical event during this time. Hence the interest plainly shown on the faces of the spectators. The muscular structure of the arm was focused on in this painting.

Term
[image]
Definition

The Goldweigher (Woman Holding a Balance)

Jan (Johannes) Vermeer

The woman stands between a depiction of the Last Judgment hung in a heavy black frame, and a table covered with jewelry representing material possessions. The empty scale stresses that she is balancing spiritual rather than material considerations.

Term
[image]
Definition

Portrait of Charles I at the Hunt

Anthony Van Dyck

English Period

Royal, Regal, ETC.

Showed good blending of man, animal, and landscape

Term
[image]
Definition

The Swing

Jean Honore Fragonard

rococo era

The painting depicts a young man hidden in the bushes, watching a woman on a swing, being pushed by a bishop. As the lady goes high on the swing, she lets him take a furtive peep under her dress. As a symbol of the loss of virginity, the lady has let one of her shoes fly into the air.

Term
[image]
Definition

Pilgrimage to Cythera

Jean-Antoine Watteau

rococo era

Many commentators note that it depicts a departure from the island of Cythera, the birthplace of Venus, thus symbolizing the brevity of love.

Term
[image]
Definition

Marriage a la Mode: The Marriage Settlement

William Hogarth

Arranged marriage between bankrupt and wealthy

Term
[image]
Definition

The Tennis Court Oath

Jacques-Louis David

The Oath signified the first time that French citizens formally stood in opposition to Louis XVI, and the refusal by members of the National Assembly to back down forced the king to make concessions. The Oath also inspired a wide variety of revolutionary activity in the months afterwards, ranging from rioting across the French countryside to renewed calls for a written French constitution.

Term
[image]
Definition

Death of Socrates

Jacques-Louis David

It represents the scene of the death of Greek philosopher Socrates, condemned to die by drinking hemlock, for the expression of his ideas against those of Athens' and corrupting the minds of the youth. The painting also depicts both Plato and Crito, with the former sitting ruefully at the edge of the bed and the latter clutching the knee of Socrates. Socrates had the choice to go into exile (and hence give up his philosophic vocation) or be sentenced to death by drinking hemlock. Socrates chose death.

Term
Etching
Definition
ground plate, acid, design remains
Term
Geocentric Theory
Definition
Earth is the center of the universe
Epicycles (curly q's) - Ptoleme / Brahe
Term
Heliocentric Theory
Definition
Sun is the center of the universe
Aristarcus
Copernicus restates
Newton
Keppler - Orbits = eliptical
Galileo
Term
William Of Ockham / Ockham's Razor
Definition
In science, that which is simple, is right
Term
Hugeunots
Definition
Protestants of France
Henry Namb
Term
Frances II
Definition
Son of Henry II
Term
Charles IX
Definition
Son of Henry II
St Barthalomews Massacre
Term
Henry III
Definition
Son of Henry II
Term
"Edict of Nantes"
Definition
Religious Toleration
Probably Henry III
Term
Absolutism
Definition
Absolute Power, given by right of Divine Right
Probably James I
Term
Baronet
Definition
New Money
Term
Guy Fawkes
Definition
Gun Powder Plot
Attempt to blow up Parliament
Catholic trying to blow up Protestants
Term
Bill of Attainder
Definition
Charles I
Wentworth was killed
Guilty Vote
Term
Oliver Cromwell
Definition
death of Charles I (beheaded)
Regicide = to kill a king (Charles I)
The Protectorate = leadership of Cromwell
Divine Might = Cromwell
Term
The Glorious Revolution
Definition
William and Mary of Orange in
James II out
no blood, parliamentary power
Term
Thomas Hobbes
Definition
"Leviathan"
The government = Leviathan
Term
Louis XIV
Definition
The Sun King
Super Extravagant
Term
Hugo Grotius
Definition
The Law of war + peace
Term
Bernard Mandeville
Definition
Vices, circumscribed by law, are good for the public
Term
"The Fable of the Bees or Private Vices, Publick (Public) Benefit"
Definition
Bernard Mandeville
Term
Alexander Pope
Definition
An Essay On Man - Whatever is, is right
Term
Jonathan Swift
Definition
A Modest Proposal
Term
Limited Constitutional Government
Definition
Only the basic rights remain enforced by government, such as life and liberty
Term
Deism
Definition
the clockmaker
Term
John Locke
Definition
Second Treatise on Government
Term
Montesquieu
Definition
Persian Letters - good about enlightenment in europe
Term
Voltaire
Definition
Philosophical Letters - limited const. gov. and england - france etc
Term
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Definition
The Prize Essay - arts + sciences corrupt society
Term
The Discourse on the Origin of Inequality
Definition
primitive communism - Rousseau
Term
The Social Contract
Definition
The General Will - decided for many by few. and people would will it if they willed.
Rousseau
Term
The Estates System
Definition
class system
1. clergy
2. nobility
3. commoners
Term
Sparrow Hawk Nobility
Definition
poor nobility in 3rd estate
Term
Abbe Sieyes
Definition
What is the 3rd Estate, leads to the Tennis Court Oath and the National Assembly
Term
Emigres
Definition
People who flee the nation
Term
Bastille
Definition
Glorified prison / symbol of french rev
Term
Girondists
Definition
moderates
Term
Jacobins
Definition
radical - exec of marie antoinette and louis xvi
Term
Maximillien Robespierre
Definition
reign of terror
Mr. Incorruptable
Head chopped off
Term
Universal manhood suffrage
Definition
right to vote
Term
Napoleon Bonaparte
Definition
boned the world
Term
Continental System
Definition
starve out British Isles ( NB )
Term
Plebiscite
Definition
vote of the people
used to get napolean into office or w/e
Term
Tenets / beliefs of the Enlightenment
Definition
Reason is the infallable guide to learning
to get reason get rid of revealed religion, false biases, bacon's idols, superstitions, this will lead to progression
Deism
LCG
Religious Toleration
Term
Viewpoints on 'man in the state of nature and the social contract' in the writings of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean Jacques Rousseau
Definition
Hobbes : LSN - nasty, brutish, short, humanity = bad. SC - everyone gets together and gives freedoms / rights to 1 leader to bring order. End - never

Locke : LSN - war, free + equal SC - unanimous choices of government. majority makes rules after gov in place. constant LCG End - series of abuses

Rousseau : LSN - primitive communism, sharing everything then property leads to destruction, war, disharmony SC - Never was a social contract, take an axe to existing gov, uses general will, build new gov End - every generation
Term
Major differences between western and eastern religions as described by joseph campbell
Definition
Eastern : GodS , you are it. mystery, identification with mystery, man can ignore the gods

Western : GoD, relationship, God -> man, man -> submission to God
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