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Human Sexuality
Chapter 6. conception, pregnancy, and childbirth
42
Other
Undergraduate 4
10/12/2009

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Term
How fast can sperm swim an hour?
Definition
about 1 inch per hour
Term
What is the best position to get pregnant?
Definition
Missionary (man-on-top)
Term
Three parts of a sperm
Definition
Acrosome (head), midpiece, tail
Term
Zona pellucida
Definition
thin gelatinous layer that surrounds the egg
Term
Hyaluronidase
Definition
The enzyme secreted by the sperm as it swarms around the egg
Term
Zygote
Definition
fertilized egg
Term
Embryo
Definition
What the conceptus is called for the first 8 weeks of gestation; happens when the blastocyst implants into the wall of uterus
Term
Fetus
Definition
name of conceptus after 8 weeks until birth
Term
Ectoderm
Definition
outside nervous system and skin
Term
Endoderm
Definition
Disgestive and respiratory system
Term
Endoderm
Definition
Disgestive and respiratory system
Term
Mesoderm
Definition
between the exctoderm and endoderm (muscles, skeleton, connective tissue, reproductive and circulatory systems)
Term
Blastocyst
Definition
about four days after conception
Term
Placenta
Definition
mass of tissue that surrounds the conceptus earl in development and nurtures its growth
Term
Human Chronic Gonadotropin (hCG)
Definition
a hormone manufactured by the placenta
Term
Umbilical Chord
Definition
formed during the fifth week of embryonic development
Term
Amniotic Fluid
Definition
Maintains the fetus at a constant temperature and cushions it against possible injury
Term
How long before vital organs develop?
Definition
3 months
Term
First Trimester: Physical
Definition
hormonal surges, breasts swell and tingle, frequent urination, morning sickness, vaginal discharges, feelings of fatigue and sleepiness (due to high levels of progesterone)
Term
First Trimester: Emotional
Definition
women who desire pregnancy are less anxious, low income=depression, women with support are less likely to get depressed, women are anxious about miscarriages
Term
Second Trimester: Physical problems
Definition
constipation, nosebleeds, edema, colostrum
Term
Edema
Definition
Swelling/water retention in the hands face wrist ankles, and feet
Term
Colostrum
Definition
a thin amber or yellow fluid may come out of the nipples beginning about the 19th week
Term
Braxon Hicks Contractions
Definition
Fake Contractions
Term
Average infant birth weight
Definition
7.5 pounds
Term
How much does each thing weigh in pregnancy?
Definition
placenta-1 pound
amniotic fluid-2 pounds
enlargement of uterus-2 pounds
enlargement of the breasts- 1.5 pounds
additional fat&water- 8 more pounds
(21 total)
Term
Fathers experiences in Pregnancy
Definition
some men experience pregnancy symptoms such as: indigestion, gastritus, nausea, change in appetite, and headaches
Term
Nutrition duing pregnancy
Definition
pregnant women must have: protein, folic acid, calcium, magnesium, vitamin A, and iron
Term
Teratogens
Definition
Term
Effects of substances taken during pregnancy
Definition
alcohol: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
cocaine: associated with increased risk of premature birth
cigarette smoke: largest and most consistent effects on children of white women
Synthetic hormones: mascualization
x-rays: damaging to fetus
Excessive Vitamin A: cleft palate
Term
Gynecoid Pelvis
Definition
wide subpubicarch; oval at the inlet...best/perfect pelvis
Term
Platypelloid Pelvis
Definition
Flattened inlet, prominent sacrum...flatter than Gynecoid
Term
Anthropoid Pelvis
Definition
oval on long axis; slightly narrow and too long the other way
Term
Beginning of labor
Definition
longest/most painful stage, discharge of mucus plug, 2 to 24 hours
Term
Second Stage of Labor
Definition
Delivery...babies head begins to move into the vagina or birth canal
Term
Episiotomy
Definition
Incision in perineum(skin behind the vagina)
Term
Third Stage of Labor
Definition
Delivery of the Placenta Sac
Term
Cesarean Section
Definition
vertical incision, 6 week revocery, done if the chord prolapse
Term
Infertility
Definition
the inability to conceive for 1 year or more...happens to 53 couples in the US
Term
What ages is it easiest to be pregnant?
Definition
22
Term
Different Ways to deal with infertility
Definition
In vitro, gamete intrafallopian transfer, zygote intrafallopian transfer, Artificial Insemination, Embryo Transplants, surrogate mothers
Term
Miscarriage Rates
Definition
20-9%
35-18%
40-36%
42-90%
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