Term
|
Definition
Giardia lamblia
Entamoeba histolitica
Shigella
Camyplobacter
Hep A |
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Term
|
Definition
| A genetically distinct subtype of HIV1 |
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|
Term
| 3 modes of transmission of HIV: |
|
Definition
Sexual- esp traumatic
Blood and Blood Products-
Occupational Exposure |
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|
Term
| What is the major determinant of HIV-1 vertical transmission? |
|
Definition
| High levels of HIV-1 plasma RNA |
|
|
Term
| What are two drugs to prevent vertical transmission, and when do we give them? |
|
Definition
AZT after 14th week
Nevirapine at delivery |
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Term
|
Definition
| Routine and voluntary; 13-64 |
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Term
|
Definition
| Confidentiality of HIV-related info act- 1990- mandates pre and post counseling |
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|
Term
| How long after HIV infection does it take for the immune system to mount antibodies? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay
NONSPECIFIC |
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Term
|
Definition
| Confirmatory test- decreasing false positives and negatives |
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Term
| What test gives HIV results in 20 minutes? |
|
Definition
| OraQuick Advance- detects antibodies in whole blood, oral fluids, and plasma |
|
|
Term
| What are RNA Assays for HIV? |
|
Definition
| Viral Load assays- PCR, bDNA |
|
|
Term
| What determines positivity status? |
|
Definition
2 Elisas and 1 western blot
OR
positive viral load alone with PHI, acute retroviral infection symptoms |
|
|
Term
| What determines AIDS diagnosis? |
|
Definition
Positive HIV serology PLUS
AIDS DEFINING CONDITION or
CD4 count below 200 |
|
|
Term
| What vaccinations are contraindicated in HIV? |
|
Definition
Oral Polio- OPV
Varicella- chicken pox
Zoster- shingles |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 phases of HIV infection? |
|
Definition
Phase I- asymptomatic
Phase II- early symptomatic
Phase III- Late symptomatic
Phase IV- Advanced HIV Disease |
|
|
Term
| What characterizes Phase I HIV? |
|
Definition
CD4 count above 500
Primary HIV Infection
Acute Retroviral Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What characterizes Phase II HIV? |
|
Definition
Early Symptomatic- CD4 200-500
Use ART to achieve undetectabilityin VL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CD4 below 350 but before 200 |
|
|
Term
| What characterizes Phase III HIV? |
|
Definition
Late Symptomatic- CD4 50-200
FULL BLOWN AIDS
ART, PCP prophylaxis
MAC prophylaxis |
|
|
Term
| What characterizes Phase IV HIV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are viral blips in HIV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the major viral reservoir of HIV? |
|
Definition
| GALT- GI Associated Lymphoid Tissue, CNS, Genital Tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tropism test- assay to show susceptibility of a single drug class |
|
|
Term
| Name 6 targets of HIV drugs: |
|
Definition
| Receptors on cells (CD4), cell entrance, RNA to DNA (reverse transcriptase), host cell DNA integration (Integrase), virus with large proteins (Protease), Virion maturation after budding |
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|
Term
| What are the 5 classes of antiretrovirals? |
|
Definition
| Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Protease inhibitors, Integrase inhibitors, Entry inhibitors, Maturation Inhibitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 recommended regimens for HIV? |
|
Definition
Reverse Transcriptase +2 nucleoside RTI
Protease Inhibitor + 2 nucleoside RTI
Integrase Inhibitor + 2 nucleoside RTI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CD4 below 500
Viral load above 100,000
Preggers
HIVnephropathy
Hep B |
|
|
Term
| What are some adverse effects of ART? |
|
Definition
| Allergies, bone marrow suppression, pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, osteopenia, osteoporosis, neuropathy, CVD |
|
|
Term
| What is metabolic dysregulation in HIV? |
|
Definition
HIV Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome-
morphologic and metabolic issues from either the drugs, HIV, or both |
|
|
Term
| What is lipoatrophy in HIV? |
|
Definition
| Subcutaneous adipose tissue wasting in face, chest, butt, legs |
|
|
Term
| What is lipohypertrophy in HIV? |
|
Definition
Central obesity- trunkal fat deposits, visceral adipose tissue accumulation- increased abdominal girth
"Crix Belly"; "Protease Paunch"
MRI VISUALIZATION |
|
|
Term
| Where does fat accumulate in HIV? |
|
Definition
| Breasts, dorsocervical fat pad- buffalo hump |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 opportunistic infections in HIV and their treatments? |
|
Definition
Pneumocystis jiroveci- pneumonia
TMP-SMZ
Toxoplasma gondii-
TMP-SMZ
Mycobacterium Avium complex-
Biaxin;Zithromax |
|
|
Term
| What bugs can cause bacterial vaginosis and what is the treatment? |
|
Definition
Haemophilus, Cornyebacterium, Gardnerella, Anaerobic- all are VAGINOSIS
Treatment-metronidazole, clindamycin |
|
|
Term
| What causes chancroid, and how is it treated? |
|
Definition
Haemophilus Ducreyi-
Azithromycin, Ceftriaxone, Ciproflaxin, Erythromycin |
|
|
Term
| How is chlamydia treated? |
|
Definition
| Azithromycin, doxycycline, erythromycin |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 diagnostic manifestations of BV? |
|
Definition
-thin hmogenous discharge
-elevated pH above 4.5
-positive KOH whiff test (fishy)
-clue cells on microscope |
|
|
Term
| How is gonorrhea treated? |
|
Definition
Ceftriazone plus treatment for chlamydia
NO CIPROFLOXACIN |
|
|
Term
| How is herpes simplex HSV1 and 2 treated? |
|
Definition
| Acyclovir- Zovirax, famciclovir- famvir, valacyclovir- valtrex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cryotherapy
Pedophyllin-condylox
Aldara- topical |
|
|
Term
| How is Non-specific cervicitis treated (NSC/MPC)? |
|
Definition
| Azithromycin and Doxycycline |
|
|
Term
| How is Non-specific urethritis treated (NSU/NGU)? |
|
Definition
| Azithromycin and Doxycycline |
|
|
Term
| How is pelvic inflammatory disease treated? |
|
Definition
| Levofloxacine PLUS Metronidazole |
|
|
Term
| How are primary, secondary, early latent, late latent, and tertiary syphilis treated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is neurosyphilis treated? |
|
Definition
| IV Aqueous crystalline penicillin G |
|
|
Term
| How is trichomoniasis treated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Balanitis treated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is candidiasis treated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is epidydymitis treated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is pubic lice treated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the minimum age for sexual consent in the state of PA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the 5 P's?
(bonus if you guess the 6th) |
|
Definition
Partners, Practices, Protection, Past History, Prevention of Pregnancy
(PLEASE LET THIS CLASS BE OVER) |
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