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Human Sexuality 1
Test 3 lecture 14
44
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
03/11/2010

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Term
intergenerational sex
Definition
sexual activity involving those who are of different ages based on social, legal, or biological definitions of child and adult
Term
incest
Definition
sexual activity involving those who are excluded from marriage based on kinship status and/or biological relatedness
Term
non-consensual sex
Definition
sexual activity involving lack of, or inability for, informed consent based on physical, legal, social capacities or mores
Term
normal child-adult sexual practices in many cultures
Definition
exposure to adult nudity
bathing together
nursing beyond age
family bed
soothing infants with genital stimulation
exposure to adult sexual activity
sexual mentors who are adults
child prostitution
child marriage
Term
cross-cultural limits to adult-child contact
Definition
age norms
incest taboos
coercion- prohibits violation of ethic of free participation
Term
cross cultural factors that accept intergenerational sex
Definition
family marriage
child marriage- men love them virgins
puberty as the definition of adulthood
Term
Activity in U.S.
Definition
Term
child
Definition
legal:
age less than 16
age at least 4 years less than "adult"
psychological:
person of lesser psychosexual development
Term
adult
Definition
legal:
age is greater than 13
age difference greater than 4 years
psychological:
person of greater psychosexual development
Term
legal sexual contact
Definition
penetration of child's vagina, anus, with penis or object
touching childs genitals or breasts
utilizing child in pornography or telling it to touch genitals
Term
psychological sexual contact
Definition
sexual activities, contacts, exposure that violate body boundaries or sphere of privacy
Term
estimates of childhood sexual contact
Definition
25% males, 30% females acknowledge sexual contact
15% acknowledge sexual abuse
large range of estimates 2%-60%
wording of questionnaire has significant affect
33% 0-6 years old
40% 7-12 years old
27% 13-18 years old
Term
gender distribution
Definition
girl victims: 63% are males age 18+
boy victims: 23% male age 18+
45% are females age 14-17
Term
sexual contact in family sphere
Definition
93% of total cases had perpetrator known to family
5% parents/step parents
15% siblings
12% close family friends
usually within the family sphere
Term
method used to gain participation of child
Definition
physical force
psychological coercion
seduction
age disparity
Term
family sexual abuse
Definition
70% multiple occurrences
girls more likely to do with father figure
boys more likely with males outside of home
more psychological harm
less likely to be reported
Term
Stranger sexual contacts
Definition
7% of reported cases
73% reported to authorities when child discloses at time of occurrence
commonly one time occurrences
psychological power most likely form, not physical force
better outcomes, child has less guilt
Term
traumatic sexualization
Definition
delayed psychosexual development
dysfunctional attachment styles
misuse of sex
higher teen pregnancy
Term
stigmatization
Definition
feeling deviant
"damaged goods"
inference of blame
"victim role"
Term
betrayal
Definition
undermining trust
loss of innocence
care-giving role is perverted
Term
disempowerment
Definition
violation of personal boundaries
chronic fear
impaired individuation
susceptible to abuse
Term
post-traumatic stress disorder
Definition
emotional numbing
flashbacks
phobias
Term
dissociative disorders
Definition
creates an alternate world
amnesia of the event
out of body experience
Term
gender differences in symptoms
Definition
females: internalize, more depression
males: externalize, more abuse
girls more likely than boys to experience harm and/or severe symptoms
Term
conditions existing with abuse
Definition
family chaos
physical, verbal abuse
emotional neglect
isolation of child
negative attitudes about sex
Term
characteristics of the abuse event
Definition
importance of relationship with offender
age difference
level of coercion
type of sex act
multiple episodes
perception of danger
feeling powerless
forced to maintain contact with abuser
Term
reaction to discovery of abuse
Definition
experiences disbelief from others
held to be responsible
experiencing punishment
child is to blame
inappropriate handling of case by authorities
persistent denial by the offender, forced to maintain contact
Term
sorting the harm
Definition
actual sexual contact is less significant than psychological issues
reactions by parents and family may be more harmful than the event
Term
Benign outcomes
Definition
30% report insignificant long term effects
sexual contact did not involve father figure
offender acknowledged guilt
not a reoccurring event
child free to talk about it
child in supportive family
child was protected from future contact
Term
pedophilia
Definition
primary sexual attraction to prepubescen children
exclusive, persistent, necessary for sexual arousal
more common attraction to boys
no attraction to adults
Term
hebephilia
Definition
primary sexual attraction to post-pubescent children
exclusive, persisten , necessary for arousal
may have secondary sexual attration to adults
mostly attracted to girls
Term
child sexual molesters
Definition
secondary attraction to children
primary sexual attraction to adults (usually female)
Term
male sex with children
Definition
4% of population had at least one sexual contact with child
male perpetrators are unremarkable, respectable, law abiding citizens
shy, passive
found in many walks of life
motivated by non-sexual needs
have distorted congnitinos about childhood sexuality
Term
male college students
Definition
21% report some attraction to small children
9% have sexual fantasies about small children
5% masterbate to those fantasies
7% said they'd fuck a kid if they didn't get caught
higher incidence of traumatic sexual experience in childhood
higher number of same-age sex partners
more interest in pornography involving adults
more likely to say they'd rape a bitch if they didn't get caught
Term
convicted male child sex abusers
Definition
higher frequency of head injury during childhood
higher levels of cognitive difficulties in childhood
dysfunctional family
victims of abuse
Term
offender with same-gender preference
Definition
27% of abuser population
target boys- average 200 victims
more likely to target strangers
exclusive attraction to children
small subset target very young children
Term
offender with cross-gender preference
Definition
50% of abuser population
target girls- average 20 victims
more likely to have primary attraction to adults
Term
recidivism
Definition
13% re-offend in 5 years
27% in 10 years
50% in 25 years
most likely to reoffend- antisocial personality, atypical sexual interest, violence against child
Term
female sexual contact with young boys
Definition
mostly adolescent girls
boys are not likely to view sexual contact as abuse
Term
convicted female sex abusers
Definition
marginal intelligence
history of sexual and physical violence
history of poor sexual adjustment with age-mate adults
high incidence of mental illness
Term
typology of female abusers
Definition
teacher-lover
experimentor-exploitor
predisposed offender
male-coerced offender
Term
Finkelhor Preconditions Model of Sexual Abuse
Definition
emotional congruence
child as only acceptable, effective sexual stimulus
conflicted sexual relations with adult peers
alternative adult sexual outlets taboo
undoing own trauma
overcome internal and external inhibitors
gains child's compliance
Term
Situational (regressed) model
Definition
primarily attracted to adults
behavior emerges in adulthood
situational
perceive child as pseudo adult
incestuous father
Term
Preference (fixated) model
Definition
primary sexual orientation to children
interest is evident in adolescence
pre-planned opportunities
identified with child
classic pedophile
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