Term
| What is the functions of the Mouth, Teeth, Salivary Glands, Pharynx, and Esophagus? |
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Definition
Mastication saliva secretion
Degluttition (Swallowing Center)
Upper and lower esophageal sphincter action |
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Term
| What are the functions of the stomach? |
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Definition
HCl acid secretion (parietal cells, in body)
Pepsinogen secretion (cheif cells, in body)
Mucus secretion (polysccharides)
Hormone gastrin secretion (antrum) |
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Term
| What are the functions of the duodenum? |
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Definition
Absorption of end-products of digestion
Peristalsis and Segmentation
Mucus secretion
Disaccharidase enzyme production |
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Term
| Sucrose is broken down by 1. into 2. . |
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Definition
1. Sucrase
2. Glucose + fructose |
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Term
| Lactose is broken down by 1. into 2. . |
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Definition
1. Lactase
2. Glucose + Galactose |
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Term
| What is maltose broken down by and what is it broken into? |
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Definition
1. Maltase
2. glucose + glucose |
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Term
| What is the functions of the Large Intestine? |
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Definition
Reabsorption of 3 L water per hour from digestive juices
Mass Movements
Bacterial incubator (vit K source) |
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Term
| What are the functions of the pancreas? |
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Definition
Secreation of pancreatic juice (via ducts)
Digestive enzyme synthesis and secretion
Secretion of bicarbonate ion
Secresion of hormone insulin (islets of Langerhans) into blood
Secretion of hormone glucagon (islets) into blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| thryglycerides to glycerol + 3 fatty acids |
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Term
| What are the functions of the liver? |
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Definition
Synthesizes and secretes bile salts (fr. parenchymal cells); recycles via enter-hepatic circulation. Bile salts are detergents derived from cholic acid
Excretes bile pigments, extracting into bile canaliculi the out via bile ducts
Stores glucose as glycogen; released glucose into blood
Center for gluconeogenesis (amino acids & glycerol converted to glucose
Detoxifies and/or inactivates drugs, chemicals, steroid hormones & metabolies
Synthesizes plasma proteins: clotting factors, carrier proteins, complement system proteins and albumin
Active site for reticuloendothelial cells
Liver parenchymal cells can regenerate |
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Term
| What is the function of Gall Bladder? |
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Definition
| Receives some of the bile collected from liver, reabsorbs water and concentrates bile salts. Contracts after a fatty meal to increase detergent level in gut to emulsify fats |
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Term
| Know the picture on page 46 |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the definition of the hormone? |
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Definition
| A chemical signal which is secreted into the blood, binds to a protein receptor on or in a target cell to cause a change in the target-cell's function |
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Term
| Hormones may be made from 1. , 2. , 3. , or 4. . |
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Definition
1. Peptides
2. Proteins
3. Steroids
4. Amines |
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Term
| A peptide is composed of... |
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Definition
| Less than 100 aa, like insulin and all of the digestive enzymes listed below |
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Term
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Definition
| more than 100 aa, like LH |
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Term
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Definition
| Cholesterol based molecules, like aldosterone, estrogen, testosterone, and vitamin D |
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Term
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Definition
| Modified amino acids, like thyroid hormone and epinephrine |
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Term
| Where is Gastrin secreted? |
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Definition
| G-cells in the atrum of the stomach |
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Term
| What tissue does gastrin act on? |
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Definition
| Parietal cells of the stomach, stomach smooth muscle |
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Term
| What are the effect or effects that gastrin has? |
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Definition
| Stimulated the secretion of HCl; growth of new parietal cells in the stomach |
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Term
| What is the stimulus for the secretion of gastrin? |
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Definition
| High protein or amino acids in the stomach; vagus nerve stimulation |
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Term
| What does CCK-PZ stand for? |
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Definition
| Cholecystokinin-pancreaozymin |
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Term
| Where is CCK-PZ secreted? |
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Definition
| Duodenum (also found abundantly in the brain) |
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Term
| What tissue does CCK-PZ act on? |
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Definition
Pacrease (exocrine)
Gall bladder
Smooth muscle |
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Term
| What effects does CCK-PZ have? |
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Definition
Stimulates the secretion of pancreatic enzymes (including lipases & proteases.
Stimulates gall bladder contraction -> released conc. bile salts |
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Term
| What is the stimulus for the secretion of CCK-PZ? |
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Definition
| High fatty acids, high AA, or partially digested protein in chyme of duodenum |
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