Term
| Environment(definition form the text) |
|
Definition
-sum total of surroundings
-Includes all biotic(living) and abiotic (non-living) components
-old french verbs: environer-"to encircle/surround" and virer- "to turn" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the interrelationships among humans and biophysical systems at variety of spatial and temporal scales |
|
|
Term
| Renewable Natural Resources |
|
Definition
| natural resources that are replenishable over short periods |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Harvestable portion of resources |
|
|
Term
| Nonrenewable Natural Resources |
|
Definition
| Finite supply and depleteable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Judgement based on what we know/value in the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-I=Imapct,P=Popl',A=Affluence, T=Technology
-In 3rd world country: I=Pxaxt
-In 1st world: I=pxAxT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measure of ability of system to support life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-each person who puts animals to graze on commons will be motivated by selfish interests to increase # of his/her animals (Hardin)
-each individual withdraws whatever benefits are available from the common property as quickly as possible, until resource becomes overused and depleted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tool that can be used to express environmental impact of an individual/popl' |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of a resource |
|
Definition
1.Dynamic
2.maybe depleted/degraded and/or made obsolete
3.Their life may be extended
4.can be hazards |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| likely available "forever", some not affected by human activity (tidal,solar energy), some maybe (air,water) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (human-centred)resource is function which that thing or substance takes part |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rights of non-human resources supersedes human |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Humans can surmount environmental problems by means of technology(technological fix) |
|
|
Term
| cultural carrying capacity |
|
Definition
| # of individuals humans will tolerate |
|
|
Term
| Environment Canada's mandate is to.... |
|
Definition
-preserve and enhance the quality of natural environment
-converse Canada's renewable resources;
-forecast daily weather conditions and warnings and provide detailed meteorological info to all of Canada
-enforce rules relating to boundary waters
-coordinate environmental policies and programs for the federal govn't |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| social movement dedicated to protecting natural world,-and by extension, humans-from undesirable changes brought by human choices |
|
|
Term
| Impacts affecting Environmental Sustainability |
|
Definition
Local changes to the:
1.Physical structure of the Biophysical Environment
2.Biodiversity
3.chemical composition
4.supply and/or change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Systems affected (climate change etc.)enhance the effects of local activities |
|
|
Term
| Environmental Sustainability |
|
Definition
-"development which meets the needs of current generations without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs"
-often cast as opposite to human wants/needs; but we NEED our environmental resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in pursuing progress we inadvertently introduce problems that we don't yet have the solutions to, and do not have the will to solve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large complex human societies, based on the domestication of plants and animals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the controlling of genetics of a plants/animal popl' by the planned selection of plant seeds and animal parents |
|
|
Term
| Societies (Type of Agricultural) |
|
Definition
| -shift in the location of cultivated fields |
|
|
Term
| Attributes of Model's components for Popl' |
|
Definition
1.Size
2.Distribution
3.Density
4.Growth rate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Judges actions in terms of their benefit or harm to the integrity of the whole ecological systems consisting of both biotic and abiotic elements.
-A holistic perspective
-Preserve the connections that tie the entities together into functional systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| renewed or replaced relatively quickly, need sustainable yield |
|
|
Term
| Attributes of the Model Components for Environment |
|
Definition
1.Abiotic environment
2.Biotic environment
All resource attributes are affected by the popl' attributes, and ultimately this combination impacts on the environment to a greater or lesser extent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| various substances and energy sources we need to surrive |
|
|
Term
| Common Property Resources |
|
Definition
| Common property resources (environmental) are natural resources owned and managed collectively by a community or society rather than by individuals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to preserve and enhance the quality of Canada's natural environment, conserve our renewable resources, protect our water sources |
|
|
Term
| Diamond's 5 critical Factors that determine Survival of Civilizations |
|
Definition
| Climate Change, Hostile Neighbors, trade partners, environmental problems, society's response to environmental problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pursuit of knowledge about the workings of the environment and our interactions with it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cumulative # and diversity of living things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of renewable and non-renewable sources, in manner that satisfies current needs without compromising future availability of resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| environmental, economic, social goals |
|
|
Term
| Factors that Influence Popl', Resources, and Environment |
|
Definition
1.Per capita consumption
2.Public Polices
3.Technology
4.Culture
5.Externalities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cost of producing or using an economic good or service which is not included in the market price of the good or service |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Network of relationships among parts, elements or components that interact with and influence one another through the exchange of energy, matter, or information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| systems that receive inputs of both energy and matter and also produce outputs of both |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Receive inputs and produce outputs of energy but not matter (no system is truly perfectly closed) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A system's output can serve as input to same system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| output that results from a system moving in one direction, acts as input that moves the system in the other direction. The input and output neutralize eachother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drives the system further toward one extreme or another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when processes within a system move in opposing directions at equivalent rates, so their effects balance out. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| human herders migrated and moved along with their herds during seasonal changes in grazing areas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All living/non-living entities that occur and interact in a particular area at the same time. None have definite beginning or end- All interconnected |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elements and compounds that organisms consume and require for survival v |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elements and compounds that organisms consume and require for survival |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mass/volume of material flowing per unit of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A large biogeographical unit of land characterized by a particular combo of animals, vegetation and climate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physical, chemical, and biological characteristics that restrain population growth. We change what limiting factors are, in order to benefit ourselves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The loss of an area or coverage of an ecosystem as a result of burning, agricultural development, urbanization, and lumbering |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when ecosystems are broken down from large continuous areas into smaller parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The replacement of one species or organism in an ecosystem with another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extreme form of substitution. Reduction of the biodiversity of an ecosystem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The permanent loss of a species |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long range cycle of transportaion of elements to other parts of the world. Ex. winds bring pesticids up to arctic and since there is low air circulation, there pesticides set in arctic polluting water-fish-predators, predators-humans |
|
|
