Term
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Definition
| Concerned with basic mechanics of learning |
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Term
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Definition
| Seeks to measure the quantity of intelligence a person processes |
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Term
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Definition
| Qualitative stages in cognitive functioning |
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Term
| Information Processing Approach |
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Definition
| Focuses on perception, learning, memory, and problem solving. |
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Term
| Cognitive Neuroscience Approach |
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Definition
| Examines the "hardware" of the central nervous system. |
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Term
| Social-Contextual Approach |
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Definition
| The impact of environmental aspects of the learning process |
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Term
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Definition
| A stimulus that does not ordinarily draw a response with another stimulus that does draw the response |
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Term
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Definition
| Reinforcement or punishment |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to remember events prior to the age of 3 years |
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Term
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Definition
| Goal-oriented and adaptive to circumstances and conditions of life |
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Term
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Definition
| Compare a baby's performance on a series of tasks with standardized norms |
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Term
| Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development |
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Definition
| Standardized test of infants' mental and motor development |
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Term
| Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment |
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Definition
| Checklist to measure the influence of the home environment on children's growth |
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Term
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Definition
| First stage in Piaget's theory. Infants learn through senses and motor activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Organized patterns of behavior used in situations |
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Term
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Definition
| An infant learns to reproduce desired occurrences originally discovered by chance |
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Term
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Definition
| Neonates begin to exercise some control over inborn reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| Babies learn to repeat a pleasant bodily sensation first achieved by chance |
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Term
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Definition
| Babies are interested in manipulating objects and engage in secondary circular reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| Infants have learned to generalize from the past to solve new problems and exhibit complex |
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Term
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Definition
| Infants experiment with new behavior to see what will happen |
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Term
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Definition
| A transition into the pre-operational stage of early childhood |
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Term
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Definition
| Capacity to mentally represent objects and experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| Imitation with parts of one's body that one cannot see |
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Term
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Definition
| Imitation with parts of one's body that one can see |
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Term
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Definition
| Reproduction of an observed behavior after the passage of time by calling up a stored symbol of it |
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Term
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Definition
| Infants and toddlers are induced to imitate a specific series of actions they have seen but not done |
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Term
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Definition
| Being attentive to symbols and their relationship to the things they represent |
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Term
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Definition
| Idea that objects have their own independent existence, characteristics, and location in space |
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Term
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Definition
| Realizing that an object exists even when out of sight |
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Term
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Definition
| Simple type of learning in which familiarity with a stimulus reduces, slows, or stops a response |
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Term
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Definition
| Tendency of infants to spend more time looking at one sight than another |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to distinguish a familiar visual stimulus from an unfamiliar one when shown at the same time |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to use information gained by one sense to guide another |
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Term
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Definition
| Infant's response to an adult's gaze by looking or pointing in the same direction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Measure of how quickly an infant's gaze will shift to a picture |
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Term
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Definition
| Measure of how quickly an infant's gaze will shift to the place where infant expects next picture to appear |
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Term
| Visual Expectation Paradigm |
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Definition
| Showing a series of computer-generated pictures to an infant |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Violation-of-Expectations |
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Definition
| Dishabituation to a stimulus that conflicts with experience is taken as evidence that an infant recognizes the new stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| Unconscious recall, generally of habits and skills |
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Term
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Definition
| Intentional and conscious memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Short-term storage of information being actively processing |
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Term
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Definition
| Helps to structure the activity and to bring the child's understanding of it closer to that of the adult |
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Term
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Definition
| Utterance of sounds that are not words. |
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Term
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Definition
| Newborn's way to communicate |
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Term
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Definition
| Squealing, gurgling, and making vowel sounds like "ahhh" |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeating consonant vowel string, such as "ma-ma-ma" |
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Term
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Definition
| Basic sounds to one's native language |
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Term
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Definition
| Waving goodbye or nodding head |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Function much like words and are symbolic of the desired concept |
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Term
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Definition
| Verbal expression designed to convey meaning |
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Term
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Definition
| Single word that conveys a complete thought |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Early form of sentence consisting of only a few essential words |
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Term
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Definition
| Rules for forming sentences in a particular language |
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Term
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Definition
| Human beings have an inborn capacity for language acquisition |
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Term
| Language Acquisition Device |
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Definition
| Inborn mechanism that enables children to infer linguistic rules from language they hear |
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Term
| Child Directed Speech/Baby Talk |
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Definition
| Slow, simplified speech, a high-pitched tone, short words and sentences, repetition |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to read and write |
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