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Definition
| The second largest city should be about 1/2 of the first, the third largest about 1/3 and the fourth 1/4 the size of the largest city. If a country follows rank-size, the pattern will continue all the way down to the smallest city. |
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| Occurs when the population of a city grows faster than the city's ability to absorb the population (i.e., provide jobs and housing and services) |
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Definition
*Attempts to protect the quality of the environment
*encourages infill and the redevelopment of inner suburbs
*Encourages higher density development to reduce dependence on he automobile
*attempts to increase the efficiency of the urban infrastructure |
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Definition
| Characterized by enclaves of high-income modern areas that may be detached from other processes of local urban development |
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| reflect Islam's emphasis on personal privacy and virtue and communal well-being |
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| A city in which multiple foreign cultures are represented. China town is NOT a good example of an ethnoburb as ethnoburbs have MORE THAN ONE culture represented |
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| The continent with the most megacities |
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Definition
| Cities with a population of or over 10 million |
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| Close-to-home Top Retail city |
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Definition
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Definition
| cities which the largest city is significantly larger than the next largest. Rank-size does not apply whatsoever. Note: the largest city in a country is NOT ALWAYS a primate city |
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Definition
| Ways to make money that are not "formal" or taxed by the government. Some examples: Mafia, babysitting, lawn mowing |
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| In global south, the highest level of urbanization is |
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Definition
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| Examples of Basic sector job |
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Definition
| Software developer, engineer |
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| Examples of Non-Basic Sector Jobs |
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Definition
| police officer, sales clerk, teacher, mayor |
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Definition
*Can work in old cities, as well as new cities.
*Is designed to address the problems of sprawl
*Uses inclusionary zoning to encourage mixed-use neighborhoods
*favors pedestrian friendly environment
*Good example of new urbanism is Celebration, Florida. A city created by Disney |
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Definition
*Can work in old cities, as well as new cities.
*Is designed to address the problems of sprawl
*Uses inclusionary zoning to encourage mixed-use neighborhoods
*favors pedestrian friendly environment
*Good example of new urbanism is Celebration, Florida. A city created by Disney |
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Term
| The Economist article "Lump together and like it" argues |
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Definition
| Rapid urbanization in the south occurs because cities generate vast economic advantages, so current pessimism is overdone |
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Term
| How many nonbasic sector jobs will be created by an automobile factory that employs 1000 workers and the base multiplier is 4 |
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Definition
| 3000 non basic. Because there are 3 non basic to every basic. |
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| Highest level of urbanization occured/is occuring |
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Definition
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| When people come in and fix up old neighborhoods, then rent them for extremely high prices...critiqued for displacing community members |
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Definition
| Central Business Districts, typically have high levels of accessibility |
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| The most rapidly urbanizing region |
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Definition
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Definition
| Land values are highest in the Center of the CBD...based off of Von Thunen's model of agricultural land use |
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Definition
| Tend to have more stable neighborhoods and residents move less compared to North american cities |
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| Subprime Mortgages and Spillover effects from foreclosure |
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Definition
| are spatially concentrated within cities rather than evenly dispersed |
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Definition
| tend to have "more regular" layouts than organic |
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Definition
| A conurbation is an urban area or agglomeration comprising a number of cities, large towns and larger urban areas that, through population growth and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous urban and industrially developed area |
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Term
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Definition
| the net loss of population from cities to smaller towns and rural areas |
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| Cities in developing regions grow _______than cities in the developed world |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Slums originate in the countryside where root causes of rural-urban migration can be found |
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| Population densities tend to be _______ in the city center |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| are found on the fringe of metropolitan areas |
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Definition
Concentric Zone Model transportation costs are a primary factor in determining where activities locate relative to a market center.
City in center, intensive agriculture next, forestry, grain production, livestock |
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Term
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Definition
Honeycomb looking one, Christaller's model assumes o Uniform (isotropic plain
o Even density of farm population
o Identical tastes, demands, incomes, of consumers
o Range distance product/consumers will travel
o “thresholds” exist for each good or service
A towns, B towns and C towns
A has stuff unique to itself+B,C.
B has B stuff, plus C
C only has C stuff |
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Definition
| has only small percent of population, but a LARGE percent of total income |
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Definition
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Definition
| Hoyt. CBD in center, low income housing on one side w/ arteries of manufacturing. mid income housing on other side with artery of high income housing |
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Definition
| Concentric zone mode based off chicago, rings. CBD in center, factory zone, zone of transition, working class zone, residential, commuter song |
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Definition
| one explanation for residential segregation |
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Term
| A firm with weight gaining inputs will locate |
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Definition
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| Foreign district investment |
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Definition
• Export processing Zones (EPZs)
• Maquilas
• Labor Rights, international Migration, SAS
• Transnational Corporations (often conglomerates)
• Intrafirm trade
• Standardization and difference |
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Term
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Definition
| each person in the process of selling goods gets paid the same |
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Term
| agglomeration diseconomy example |
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Definition
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Definition
| lace where goods are transferred from one form of transport to another. This frequently involves the goods being repackaged into smaller quantities ready for individual users. |
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Term
| captital intensive agriculture |
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Definition
| makes $$$ commercial grain production |
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Definition
| Adjusts for the fact that a dollar buys more in some countries than in others |
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| Important factor in improving school attendance |
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Definition
| access to clean water and sanitation |
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| First decade of green revolution |
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Definition
| tended to magnify social inequities |
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Definition
| introduced new technologies and capital into the shrimp industry |
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| IMF structural adjustment package |
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Definition
*Cut subsidies to basic goods
*the freeing of the exchange rate and a cut in tariffs
*increase in interest rates to slow inflation |
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Definition
| refers to a perceived general acceptance of neoliberal reforms in the 1990's |
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| Example of location decision based upon transportation costs |
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Definition
| the location of a wind turbine factory in Iowa |
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Term
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Definition
| type of firm most likely to move in response to a series of state tax incentives |
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| Three legged stool created in 1940s |
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Definition
1) International Monetary Fund
2)World Bank
3)General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs, now WTO |
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| worlds largest non-agricultural employer |
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Definition
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Definition
| has few backwards or forwards linkages |
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Term
| Frank's theory of underdevelopment |
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Definition
| the core's development depended upon the exploitation of the periphery which has created additional obstacles to development for the periphery |
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Term
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Definition
| 10 trillion, or 35,000 dollars per person |
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Term
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Definition
| somali pirates attribute their chosen profession to |
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Term
| a low price and income elasticity of demand for many primary commodities like bananas |
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Definition
| contributes to declining terms of trade for the periphery |
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Term
| Example of backwards linkage |
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Definition
| when a textile company sets up in order to provide a clothing company with material for its product |
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Term
| Four Asian Tigers or NICs |
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Definition
| South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore |
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Term
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Definition
| shows how firms location decisions are interdependent |
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Term
| countries North of the Brandt line |
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Definition
| are more likely to have a higher Gender empowerment Measure |
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Term
| New International Division of Labor |
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Definition
| explains the decentralization of manufacturing from the core to periphery |
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Term
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Definition
| describe the repetitive, non-local movement of people; examples include the seasonal movements of farm laborers, transients, and “snowbird” winter visitors. |
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Definition
| low in south, high in north |
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Term
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Definition
| japan has a total population of 27 million with a fertility rate of 1.23. this will cause the pop to shrink in half by the end of the century |
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Term
| Mexico TFR, %increase, and IMR |
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Definition
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| Australia TFR, %increase, IMR |
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Definition
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| India TFR, %increase, IMR |
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Definition
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| Liberia TFR, %increase, IMR |
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Definition
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Term
| Japan TFR, %increase, IMR |
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Definition
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Term
| Epidemiologic Transition Stage One |
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Definition
| hunting-gathering to primary food production |
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Term
| Epidemiologic Transition Stage two |
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Definition
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| Epidemiologic Transition Stage three |
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Definition
| ccurred in modern times with infectious diseases under control and chronic, noninfectious, degenerative diseases rising |
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| Epidemiologic transition theorist |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| major demographic event took place during the 14th Century and resulted in a decline in the population of Europe by roughly one-third |
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Term
| Demographic transition model |
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Definition
| the demographic transition model seeks to explain the transformation of countries from having high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. In developed countries this transition began in the eighteenth century and continues today. Less developed countries began the transition later and are still in the midst of earlier stages of the model. |
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| Demographic Transition Stage One |
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Definition
| HIGH FLUCTUATING birth and death rate. No population growth, no family planning, primitive countries are in this group |
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Term
| Demographic Transition model stage two |
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Definition
| EARLY EXPANDING Lots of births, fewer deaths. lower infant mortality rate, higher living standards, more access to sanitation |
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Term
| Demographic transition model stage 3 |
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Definition
| LATE EXPANDING already low death rate, birth rates start to drop, but pop growth still happens because of large base. Birth rates start to drop maybe because of family planning, better access to healthcare, better education, lower infant mortality rate |
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Term
| Demographic transition model stage 4 |
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Definition
| LOW FLUCTUATING Stable population, not much birth or death |
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| Demographic Transition Model possible stage 5 |
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Definition
| growth declines due to TFR being lower than replacement rate. Japan, sweden |
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Term
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Definition
| Business approach that focuses on meeting the stated or hidden needs or wants of the customers, through its own or acquired products |
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Term
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Definition
| for two places to interact, one place must have a supply of an item for which there is an effective demand for at the other |
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Term
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Definition
| for two places to interact, one place must have a supply of an item for which there is an effective demand for at the other |
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Term
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Definition
| complimentarity can only be effective in the absence of more attractive sources of supply or demand closer at hand or cheaper |
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Term
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Definition
| if a parcel of air is lifted, its pressure is decreased, because pressure decreases with height. Dry and Adiabatic rate will fall 1 degree Celsius per 100 meters of lift |
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Term
| US migration demographic pattern |
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Definition
Elementary children move more than teen agers
people 20--25 move the most and are the most likely to make international moves |
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Term
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Definition
| Refugees, trail of tears, slave trade |
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Term
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Definition
| a series of moves from farm to rural village to small town to city to big city...basically moves up the urban hierarchy |
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Term
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Definition
| chain and channelized migration; migrants move as part of an established stream of movement providing reduction in the psychical and other costs of moving |
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Term
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Definition
| advance groups of migrants followed by successive waves from same home districts creating kinship/ties, and support structures that help support newcomers |
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| Percent of US population that are immigrants |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| at what point does the cost of moving the item outweigh the item? "interaction occurs only when acceptable costs of an exchange are met" |
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Definition
| if you live 70 miles from phx and 30 miles from tucson where would you go to shop? at some point between phx and tucson there will be a point where tucson's attachment ends and phx will take over their would-be consumers |
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Definition
locating a place by using other places
example tucson is southeast of phoenix. |
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Definition
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Definition
| you know the space because you've been there |
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Definition
| you have never been there, but you know about the place |
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Term
| physiological population density |
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Definition
| total population/total amount of arable land |
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Term
| Human Geography gravity model |
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Definition
| the amount of spatial interaction between two regions is proportional to their populations and inversely proportional to some power of the distance between them |
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Term
| Top 3 Countries Population-wise |
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Definition
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Term
| Japan's population pyramid |
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Definition
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Term
| What stage in Demographic transition model is Finland in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What stage in the demographic transition model is cameroon in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What stage in the demographic transition model is Mexico in? |
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Definition
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