Term
| ÒMulti-regionalÓ hypothesis |
|
Definition
| The view that modern humans evolved independently in Africa, Europe and Asia |
|
|
Term
| ÒOut of AfricaÓ Hypothesis |
|
Definition
| The view that modern humans evolved in Africa then migrated to Europe and Asia, displacing other species |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Australopithecine found in Chad |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Species of Australopithecine found in Ethiopia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The first fossil pre-human to be found in Africa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reasoning: thinking that is coherent and logical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A style of stone implements shaped by flaking and with fine edges worked on both sides. Associated with Homo ergaster and H. Erectus, and wide spread in Africa, Europe and parts of Asia from 1.5 million years ago to about 150 000 years ago |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Coming from the continent of Africa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any of various primates with short tails or no tail at all |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| so extremely old as seeming to belong to an earlier period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early (4.4 million years) species of Australipthicus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The products of human creativity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Coming from the continent of Asia |
|
|
Term
| Australopithecus afarensis |
|
Definition
| Early species of Australipthicus, probably close to the ancestor of humans |
|
|
Term
| Australopithesus anamensis |
|
Definition
| The oldest known species of Australipthicus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any of several extinct humanlike bipedal primates with relatively small brains of the genus Australopithecus; from 1 to 4 million years ago |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms from one generation to the next |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Using only hind limbs for locomotion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Locomotion by using arms to swing beneath the branches of trees, from one branh to the next |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of the brain that organises separate sounds into words |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refer to a bony ridge located above the eye sockets of all primates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Concealing something under the ground |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the four teeth in the front corners of a mammalÕs mouth. Usually large and pointed in carnivores and small or absent in herbivores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Methods of finding out the age of artefacts that contain materials that were once alive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The largest part of the hind-brain of vertebrates, concerned with co-ordination of movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the protruding part of the lower jaw |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The long-term average weather pattern of a region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when organisms living in the same location require the same resource, for which demand exceeds supply |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rapid evolution of behaviour in a group based on learning passed on from the previous generation and not based upon genetic material, although eventually subject to natural selection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cranial vault is the space in the skull within the neurocranium, where the brain is found |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fine motor skills can be defined as coordination of small muscle movements which occur e.g., in the fingers, usually in coordination with the eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A gap in the rows of teeth in a mammals jaw |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The usual food and drink consumed by an organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of the adaptation of an animal or plant species through selective breeding in captivity so it is of more use to humans, usually also reducing its fitness to survive in the wild |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hard white substance covering the crown of a tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Coming from the continent of Europe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when the last member dies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The slope of the face of an animal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The two knobs at the bottom of the thigh bone that sit on the meniscus and tibial plateau |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The opening at the base of the skull through which the spina cord passes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of the face above the eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fossils being used to prove theories |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| That part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying directly behind the forehead |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of persons together in one place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Exchange of alleles between population by immigration and emigration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lightly constructed, as referring to the overall appearance of a hominid skeleton |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The first largest innermost toe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| First human ancestor to use fire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aftican species of Homo, considered by many to be a variant of H. erectus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Very small-bodied fossil human, found on island of Flores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| First human species for which there is firm evidence for systematic hunting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| First humans to bury the dead and care for the aged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early species of Homo, contemporaneous with H. Habilis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The place an organism lives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any member of the family Hominidae, which includes all fossil and living members of the genera Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Homo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Family containing humans, African apes and orang-utans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A member of the proposed subfamily Hominae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Earliest proto-uhuman to make stone tools |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of using relative proportions of parent to daughter isotopes in radioactive decay to determine the age of a given rock or rock stratum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of quadrupedal locomotion b chimpanzees and gorillas where the upper body is supported by the back of the knuckles rather than by the palms or fingers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The lower jaw, which is a single fused bone in monkeys, apes and humans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the current time and style |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The grinding or cheek teeth at the ear of the jaw of mammals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A style of stone flake tools having some degree of symmetry mostly small hand-axes, side scrapers, and triangular blades tied to handles, from around 200 000 to about 40 000 years ago, typically associated with Homo Neanderthalensis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria. It is not formed by recombination and is usually passed on only along the female line |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Communities of people that move from one place to another, rather than settling down in one location |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bony ridge across the back of a skull to which muscles supporting the head are attached |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The oldest known tradition of stone tools, appearing about 2.4mya being flake and pebble tools with shaping being mostly only an edge formed by chipping stone. Associated with H.habilis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to rotate the thumb so that it touches other digits on the same hand allowing small objects to be grasped |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Six million year old hominan found in Kenya |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An early hominin and described as the largest of the Paranthropus species. It lived from about 2.6 until about 1.2 million years ago during the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs in Eastern Africa. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The upper surface of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The southern African robust hominid, dated from 2.2 to 1.5 mya. It was marked by robust chewing features, although they were less robust than in either P. aethiopicus or P. boisei. The postcranial skeleton and the brain size remained similar to those of Australopithecus. It is sometimes included in that genus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Genus of Australopithicine with massive jaws and molars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group of organisms from the same species living in the same location |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the bones that are situated beneath the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Geological dating that relies on the proportions of radioactive potassium in a rock sample and its decay product, argon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The tail of an animal that has adapted to be able to grasp and/or hold objects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The group of mammals that are primarily adapted for arboreal life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ruggedly built, especially face and jaws |
|
|
Term
| Sachelanthropus tchadensis |
|
Definition
| Seven to six million year old species of hominin found in Chad |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A ridge running lengthwise along the top of a skull to which jaw muscles are attached |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flat grassland in tropical or subtropical regions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The strength of natural selection for or against a particular trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Noticeable physical differences between males and females of a species in addition to sex organs, such as size, shape, colour, teeth, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Later phase of the old stone age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The angle formed by the femur with the pelvis allowing the knees to be closer together than the hip joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brain centre responsible for interpreting the auditory output of language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sex chromosome only found in males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
