Term
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Definition
| Our ability to store and later retrieve information about past events |
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Term
| Information-processing approach |
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Definition
| Emphasizes the basic mental processes involved in attention, perception, memory, and decision making |
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Term
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Definition
| Holding a stimulus for a fraction of a second as a kind of afterimage |
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Term
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Definition
| Can hold a limited amount of information (about seven items or chunks of information) |
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Term
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Definition
| Mental "scratch pad" that temporarily stores information while actively operating on it |
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Term
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Definition
| A relatively permanent store of information that represents what most people mean by memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| Getting information into the system |
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Term
|
Definition
| Information is processed and organized in a form suitable for long-term storage |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to holding information in a long-term memory store |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of getting information out when it is needed |
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Term
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Definition
| Recognize infomration among the options |
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Term
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Definition
| Requires active retrieval without the aid of clues |
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Term
| Implicit memory (Procedural memory) |
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Definition
| Occurs unintentionally, automatically, and without awareness |
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Term
| Explicit memory (Declarative) |
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Definition
| Involves deliberate, effortful recollection of events |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Use of the information-processing system to achieve a goal or arrive at a decision |
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Term
| Executive control processes |
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Definition
| Involved in planning and monitoring what is done - see page 257 |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to imitate a novel act after a delay |
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Term
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Definition
| Children continue to use the same strategy that was successful in the past despite the strategy's current lack of success |
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Term
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Definition
| The repeating of items they are trying to learn and remember |
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Term
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Definition
| Classifying items into meaningful groups |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves actively creating meaningful links between items to be remembered |
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Term
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Definition
| Children cannot spontaneously use or benefit from strategies, even if they are taugh how to use them |
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Term
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Definition
| Children use strategies they are taught but do not produce them on their own |
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Term
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Definition
| Children spontaneously produce a strategy but their task performance does not yet benefit from using the strategy |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to knowledge of memory and to monitoring and regulating memory processes |
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Term
|
Definition
| Knowledge of the human mind and of the range of cognitive processes |
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Term
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Definition
| The individual's knowledge of a content area to be learned |
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Term
| Autobiographical memories |
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Definition
| Episodic memories of personal events |
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Term
| Childhood (or infantile) amnesia |
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Definition
| Having few autobiographical memories of events that occured during the first few years of the life |
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Term
|
Definition
| Children store verbatim and general accounts of an event seperately |
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Term
| Scripts or general event representations |
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Definition
| Represent the typical sequence of actions related to an event and guide future behaviors in similar settings |
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Term
|
Definition
| The reporting of events witnessed or experienced |
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Term
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Definition
| Determines what information about a problem children take in and what rules they then formulate to account for this information |
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Term
|
Definition
| Process of variability, choice, and change |
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Term
| Mild cognitive impairment |
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Definition
| Experience significant memory problems |
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Term
| Constraint-seeking questions |
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Definition
| Questions that rule out more than one item |
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