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Human Development
Chapter 8 Vocab
70
Other
11th Grade
02/01/2008

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Term
Transitional Objects
Definition
Objects used repeatedly by a child as bedtime companions
Term
Enuresis
Definition
repeated urination in clothing or bed
Term
Gross Motor Skills
Definition
Physcial skills that involve large muscles
Term
Fine Motor Skills
Definition
Physcical skills that involve the small muscels and eye hand coordination
Term
Systems of Actions
Definition
Combinations of motor skills that permit increasingly complex activities
Term
Handedness
Definition
Preference for using a particular hand
Term
Physical Abuse
Definition
Action taken to endanger a child involving potential injury to the body
Term
Battered Child Syndrome
Definition
Condition showing symptoms of physical abuse of a child
Term
Physical Neglect
Definition
Faliure to meet a childs basic needs
Term
Sexual Abuse
Definition
Sexual activity involving child and older person
Term
Emotional Abuse
Definition
Nonphysical action that may damage childrens behaviroal, cognitive, physical, emotional functioning
Term
Emotional Neglect
Definition
Failure to give a child emotional support, love, and affection
Term
Which sex is slightly taller at age 3-6?
Definition
Boys. Girls have more fatty tissue.
Term
By how many pounds and inches do children increase a year?
Definition
2-3 inches. 4-6 lbs.
Term
What happens to cartilage?
Definition
It turns to bone as children increase thier activity. Needed to protect thier organs.
Term
What does all physical change coincide with?
Definition
Cognitive development
Term
Where are all teeth by age 3?
Definition
All primary teeth are in place; there are no restrictions in eating habits. Flouride is used to build strength.
Term
What is another name for primary teeth?
Definition
Deciduous
Term
What habit is present among 4 year olds?
Definition
Thumb sucking. Continued sucking can lead to permenant tooth damage.
Term
At what age do permenant teeth appear?
Definition
6
Term
Why would a child begin to regulate thier own caloric intake?
Definition
If thier parents allow them to eat when they are hungry or vise versa.
Term
What percentage of children meet dietary guidlines or don't meet them at all? And why?
Definition
1% meet guidline. 6% don't meet at all.
Children eat too much fats adn sugar, and not enough fruits and vergtables, and grains
Term
How can a child's daily protien requirement be meet?
Definition
2 glasses of milk
Term
What do dairy products help build in children?
Definition
Protien, iron, calcium
Term
Do 3-4 year olds show negative effects from a low fat diet?
Definition
No, there were no changes in height, weight, and BMI.
Term
Who is more at risk for obestity in today's society?
Definition
Girls
Term
Does obesity have a genetic link?
Definition
Yes
Term
What do children of overweight parent lead to?
Definition
Overweight childhood
Term
What do children of overweight parent lead to?
Definition
Overweight childhood
Term
When is the best time to treat childhood obesity?
Definition
Early to middle childhood
Term
Under what circumstances to children sleep better?
Definition
If they have a set bedtime, and a transitional object such as a teddy bear
Term
What percentage of 1-4 year olds have bedtime struggles?
Definition
20-30%
Term
What are some reasons for bedtime struggles?
Definition
Sleeping with parents, stress, depressed mother, parents with mixed feelings toward child, parental change of scedual.
Term
What percentage of 3-8 year olds have night terrors or nightmares?
Definition
25%
Term
What are night terrors?
Definition
When a child is awakend abrubtly from deeo sleep in fear, then goes back to sleep and doesnt recall anything. Upsets more parents than children. Occurs within an hour of falling asleep, and disappear around age 6
Term
What are nightmares?
Definition
They happen towards the morning and are vividly recalled by the child. They may be a sign of stress. Repeated themes signal problems that children cannot solve when they are awake
Term
What percentage of girls and boys experience enurisis? What percentage have close relatives with the same problem?
Definition
7% of boys age 5, 3% girls age 5.75% have close relative who also experienced condition.
Term
What percentage of the population has a physical disorder in which they are unable to control thier baldder?
Definition
1%
Term
What is developed or occuring in motor development around ages 3-6?
Definition
The cortex is more developed. Bones and muscles are stronger. Lung capacity is greater. They can skip.
Term
Which sex tends to do better with gross motor skills?
Definition
Girls. But by age 6, boys can throw and catch better.
Term
What percentage of the population is right handed?
Definition
82%
Term
What advantages do left handed people have?
Definition
Spatial imaginiation. They are more likely to be gifted
Term
What are some disadvantages for lefties?
Definition
More accidents, allergies, sleep problems, migranes, stutters, dislexia, reading disabilities, behavioral problems, ADD.
Term
Is there evidence that shows that right handed and left handed people have different abilities?
Definition
No
Term
By what percentage have instances of the flu and pnemonia dropped?
Definition
50%
Term
What is the disease free survival rate for children under the age of 15?
Definition
5 years
Term
What are most childhood deaths due to?
Definition
Injury, not illness
Term
What environmental influences make children less healthy?
Definition
Parental smoking, stree, poverty
Term
On average, how many colds does the 3-5 year old catch per year?
Definition
7-8
Term
What do repeated illnesses help the child to do?
Definition
Cope with physical distress and understand its causes
Term
What do repeated illnesses help the child to do?
Definition
Cope with physical distress and understand its causes.
Term
Due to seatbelts in cars, what percentage of automotive death has declined?
Definition
26%
Term
More than half of accidents occur where?
Definition
Day care. 1-5 are from falls
Term
Children are less likely to be injured where?
Definition
At day care verses the home.
Term
What percentage of children live with smokers?
Definition
43%
Term
What does second hand smoke do to a child?
Definition
Increases risk of contracting illnesses
Term
More children die from smoke inhalation than what other cause?
Definition
Accidental injuries
Term
What size familes are sick more often?
Definition
Large
Term
Children in which type of day care tend to be healthier that children who arent in daycare?
Definition
High Quality
Term
Which age group is the largest living in poverty?
Definition
Young Children
Term
Where do the health probelms in poorer children begin?
Definition
Before birth
Term
3million american children are exposed to what?
Definition
Lead, which can effect development
Term
What has happened to the number of abused children from 1986-1993?
Definition
Doubled
Term
What has become the leading cause of death among children?
Definition
Maltreatment. 2000 die, 140-000 serioulsy injured
Term
Who is often the murder of a child?
Definition
Mother's boyfriend
Term
What number of abused children are under age of 7; age of 4?
Definition
Under 7= 1/2
Under 4= 1/4
Term
Who is more likely to be sexually abused?
Definition
Girls are 3* more likely
Term
What type of abuse are boys more exposed too?
Definition
Emotional neglect and injury
Term
Is there racial differences in abuse?
Definition
No
Term
What do
Definition
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