Term
| Theories and Models of Human Development and Behavior |
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Definition
PIE THEORY:
Assumes that human problems have their roots in both individual and situational factors and that understanding and treating human problems requires dual focus on the individual and environmental forces. |
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Term
Biopsychosocial Functioning:
Maintains that biophysical (biological) , psychological, and social factors all play a significant role in human development and functioning |
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Definition
Biopsychosocial interaction assumes that no single factor is responsible for causing a person's behavioral responses.
1- development perspective-how biophysical, psychological and social systems have interacted in leading up to how things are now.
2- Current perspective- examines how biophysical, psychological and social systems are currently interacting to influence how things are now. |
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Term
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Definition
| Items that are considered essential for the maintenance of a person's well being such as food, clean water, shelter, clothing, heating, fuel and security from bodily harm. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Normative needs- what a person requires in order to attain a level of well being.
2. Perceived Needs- the requirements that individuals believe they must have to achieve acceptable well-being
3. Expressed Needs- Degree to which a need exists and the number of people who perceive themselves to have the need.
4. Relative Needs- the requirements that people must have met in order to attain acceptable level of well-being as compared to other people's requirements |
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Term
| Maslow's Needs Hierarchy: |
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Definition
- Survival and psychological needs- food, clothing, shelter, medical care
- Safety and security needs-protection from harm and violence
- Social (belonging) needs- opportunity to interact in a positive environment
- Esteem (ego needs) opportunity to build self-respect and achieve personal dignity
- Self-actualization needs- opportunity for lifelong education and self-improvement
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Term
| according to Maslow, lower needs must be addressed before an individual can move to the next level. If the lower level need is not met, the person moves back down the hierarchy to satisfy the unmet need. |
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Definition
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Term
| according to Maslow, lower needs must be addressed before an individual can move to the next level. If the lower level need is not met, the person moves back down the hierarchy to satisfy the unmet need. |
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Definition
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Term
| Risks, Protective Factors and Resilience |
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Definition
Risks- hazards in the person or environment that increase the likelihood of a problem occurring (e.g. genetic dispositions; mental disorder, living in poverty
Protective Factors- coexist with risks are personal, social and institutional factors that promote personal competence and successful development and therefore decrease the likelihood of a problem occurring (e.g. prenatal care, low family stress, active coping mechanisms
Resilience- a person's ability to function adaptively despite exposure risks
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Term
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Definition
- Every person, family, group and community has strengths
- Every neighborhood and community has helpful resources that are available
- Negative and traumatic events can injure and impose limitations on a person, but they can also be sources of challenge and opportunity
- it is usually easier to help a person achieve positive and lasting change by building on his strengths than by trying to eliminate his problems or deficiencies
- A person generally knows what will not be effective and helpful in addressing problems or concerns
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Term
| The Capacity for Adaptation- |
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Definition
| The ability to respond to demands is know as adaptation, the capacity to adapt and succeed within a changing environment is related to a person's capacity for "developmental flexibility" |
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