Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Human Development
key terms and stages in human development
33
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
11/13/2013

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Post Partum Depression

Definition
A moderate to sever depresion that comes within three months after child birth
Term

 

 

 

 

Benefits of Breast Feeding

Definition

-Infants better at fighting off infection and diseases

-Infants less likely to develop allergies

-helps cognitive and social development in child

-Lowered fertility, weight and chance of cancer in mother

Term

 

 

 

 

Teratogen

Definition
any disease, drug or other agent that can reach an embryo or fetus
Term

 

 

 

 

Sensitive and Critical Periods

Definition

-Brain development

-parental connection and affection

-language

Term

 

 

 

 

Deprivation

Definition
lack of normal nutrition, stimulation, and love
Term

 

 

 

 

Enrichment

Definition

Environment purposefully made more stimulating, loving, ect.

Created more complex brain cells in Rosenzweig's rats

Term

 

 

 

Cephalocaudal

and

Proximodisial

Definition
the direction in which muscle control happens (head to toe and from center to extremeties)
Term

 

 

 

 

Newborns

Definition

Recognize complex patterns and human faces

Recognize voice patterns

Social smiles develop at 8-12 months

Term

 

 

 

 

Emotional Attachment

Definition
close emotional bond with primary caregiver
Term

 

 

 

 

Polygenic

Definition

controlled by many genes working in combination

characteristics are polygenic

Term

 

 

 

 

Authoritarian Parents

Definition
strict, overbearing, overly critical parenting style
Term

 

 

 

 

Overly Permissive Parents

Definition
Little guidance, no accountability, lenient parenting style
Term

 

 

 

 

Authoritative Parents

Definition
firm guidance integrated with love and nurturing parenting style
Term

 

 

 

 

Piaget

Definition

Assimilation and Accomodation

Sensorimotor stage

Preoperational Stage

Concerete Operational Stage

Formal Operational Stage

Term

 

 

 

 

Assimilation

Definition
process of interpreting new experiences by incorporating them into existing schemes
Term

 

 

 

 

Schemes

Definition
the way we organize concepts
Term

 

 

 

 

Accomodation

Definition
Process of modifying existing schemes in order to incorporate or adapt to new experiences
Term

 

 

 

 

Sensorimotor Stage

Definition

birth to 2 years

development of problem solving abilities

development of imitation

development of object permanence

awareness of numbers and impossible events

Term

 

 

 

 

Preoperational Stage

Definition

From 2 to 7 years old

physical and logical, not mental

symbolic functioning (i.e. pretend)

conservation- quantity and shape

egocentrism

Term

 

 

 

 

Egocentrism

Definition
inability to take another person's perspective
Term

 

 

 

 

Concrete Operational Stage

Definition

From 7 to 12

Conservation- reversal

Relational logic

Jokes

beginning of inferential reasoning (if-then statements)

Term

 

 

 

 

Formal Operational Stage

Definition

From age 12 on

truly inferentail and abstract reasoning (beyond experience)

hypothetical reasoning

perspective reasoning

*not all Americans reason at this level

Term

 

 

 

 

Vygotsky

Definition

Sociocultural Development

no stages

zone of proximal development

scaffolding

Term

 

 

 

Zone of Promixal Development

Definition
If a situation is beyond a child's skills they seek the guidance of more capable partners
Term

 

 

 

 

Kohlberg

Definition

Moral Reasoning

Preconventional

Conventional

Postconventional

Term

 

 

 

 

Preconventional Reasoning

Definition

observe rules to avoid punishment or gain rewards

(self-interest)

Term

 

 

 

 

Conventional Reasoning

Definition
observe rules because they are laws and to avoid hurting others
Term

 

 

 

 

Postconventional Reasoning

Definition

formal operational

morality, agreed-upon rights, ethical principles

Term

 

 

 

 

Erikson

Definition

Psychosocial Theory

developmental tasks

psychosocial dilemmas

Term

 

 

 

 

Well Being in Adulthood

Definition

-self acceptance

-positive relations

-automony

-environmental mastery

-purpose in life

-continued personal growth

Term

 

 

 

 

psychosocial dilemma

Definition
conflict between personal impulses and the social world
Term

 

 

 

 

Erickson's stages

Definition

0-1 trust vs mistrust

1-3 autonomy vs. shame and doubt

3-5 initiative vs. guilt

6-12 industry vs inferiority

Adolescence identity vs. role confusion

Young Adulthood intimacy vs isolation

Middle Adulthood generativity vs. stagnation

Late Adulthood integrity vs. despair

Term

 

 

 

 

Developmental Tasks

Definition
any task that must be mastered for optimum development
Supporting users have an ad free experience!