Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Human Development Wksht
Human Development Wksht
30
Psychology
12th Grade
12/13/2008

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
List the 5 general principles of development.
Definition
1) development follows a predictable pattern
2) the individual first develops general responses and then preceeds to specific responses
3) it is a lifelong continuous process
4) each stage has unique features
5) early development can be more important than later development
Term
What is the defintion of a critical period?
Definition
time periods during which an individual can learn specific behaviors most easily
Term
Why do some psychlogists disagree to this critical period?
Definition
They argue that adopted children, often deprived of this bonding experience, also ten to develop normally
Term
What do they call this period?
Definition
They called this period sensitive period
Term
List the 2 methods psychologists use to study development.
Definition
Longitudinal Method - selecting several individuals and studying the development of theirbehavior over a considerable period of time
 
Cross-sectional Method- selects people of different ages in order to study groups of various age levels at the same time.
 
Term

Longitudinal Method

Advantages & Disadvantages

Definition
Disadvantages - time consuming, very expensive, might move location during study, individuals chosen for study may not be typical of their age group
 
Advantages - provides psychologists with information about specific changes in behavior & development.
Term

Cross-sectional Method

Advantages & Disadvantages

Definition
Advantages - reduces the amount of time necessary for the study
 
Disadvantages - groups selected may not be typical of their age levels.
 
-members of group grwo up at different times
-difficult to know whether differences are due to different maturity levels of background experiences
Term
Define prenatal development
Definition
development that takes place before birth
Term
When has the pattern for all biological systems been set?
Definition
by the middle of the fourth month
Term
When can the fetus survive if born prematurely?
Definition
At the end of the sixth month
Term
When does the greatest growth in a persons height occur?
Definition
during preschool years
Term

When will a child be half his adult height?

 

Definition
end of the third year
Term
When does the greatest percentage of weight increase occur?
Definition
first 5 years of life
Term
In the physical development of males, how do those that mature early feel about themselves?
Definition
more self-confident & independent
Term
What about late maturing males?
Definition
have more difficult time in adjusting
Term
What is the situation in the physical development of girls?
Definition
In junior highschool years, both early and late maturing females usually have more prestige than average maturing females and participate more as leaders in school activities
Term
What is the most important factor toward attitude of a person's development?
Definition

The individuals own attitude toward his or her development

Term
What is motor development?
Definition
development of control over the muscles of the body
Term
Where does motor development start?
Definition
after birth
Term
What area develops next?
Definition
Physical Development
Term
How is development then channeled?
Definition

from head downward

from body's center to the arms & hands

Term
At what rate does motor development take place in early and late childhood?
Definition
more slowly than in the period immediately after birth
Term
What do psychologists attriute awkwardness in adolescence to?
Definition
lack of assurance toward themselves and their abilities arises from self
Term
Until when does motor development generally increase?
Definition
adolescence
Term
List 3 common features all languages share.
Definition
1) have vocabulary
2) have certain rules for the sound and arrangement of words
3) consists of sounds or symbols that have specific meanings
Term
List the 4 stages of language development in humans.
Definition
1) covers from birth to about 3 weeks
2) goes from 3 weeks to about 5 months
3) covers from 5 months to about 1 year of age, babies produce babbling sounds which are similar to vowels.
4) from 1 year on is the language period.
Term
When do babies produce their first words?
Definition
one year of age
Term
When do the first sentences occur?
Definition

from eighteen to 24 months

(2 word sentences)

Term
When is the basic rules of grammer mastered?
Definition
4 years old
Term
What are the 2 theories of language development in which psychologists disagree?
Definition
1) The role of learning in language development
2) That infants are born with the ability to develop their own rules for using language.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!