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Human Development test 2
Cragun study guide
50
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Undergraduate 2
02/28/2011

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Term
The germinal period ends approximately
Definition
2 weeks after conception
Term
The longest period of prenatal development is the
Definition
Period of the fetus
Term
Within hours after conception, the zygote travels toward the uterus down the
Definition
follopian tube
Term
Which occurs about 10 days after conception?
Definition
Implantation of the developing organism into the lining of the uterus
Term
Which of the following begins to develop last during prenatal development?
Definition
Toes
Term
What begins about 14 days after conception?
Definition
The period of the embryo
Term
The placenta allows the developing organism to?
Definition
Obtain nourishment from the mothers bloodstream
Term
The "age of viability" refers to the point when the fetus
Definition
Might survive if born
Term
With excellent medical car, a fetus can survive if it is born as early as what week?
Definition
22 weeks
Term
The greatest weight gain during the third trimester is attributable to
Definition
A protective layer of insulating fat
Term
An expectant mother wonders if her 7-month fetus can sense anything. You can tell her that the fetus
Definition
can percieve light, sound, and movement
Term
A teratogen is
Definition
A substance or a condition that can cause birth defects
Term
Research in teratology has found that
Definition
the effects of teratogens vary greatly
Term
During prenatal develpment, a particular organ or body part is most vulnerable during the
Definition
critical period
Term
Which is NOT mentioned as a possible result of prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking?
Definition
too much body fat
Term
Whether a fetus will develop FAS depends most strongly on
Definition
the amount of alcohol the mother consumed, because more is worse
Term
A normal-weight woman ideally gains how much weight during preganacy?
Definition
25-35 pounds
Term
The second stage of labor begins when the
Definition
baby's head appears at the opening of the vagina
Term
A breech baby is
Definition
buttocks-first going into the cervix when labor begins
Term
The beginning of regular uterine contractions means that
Definition
the first stage of labor has begun
Term
The five characteristics that are evaluated in the Apgar are
Definition
heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, color, and reflexes
Term
A total apgar score of 3 indicates that a newborn is
Definition
in critical condition
Term
a apgar score that indicates a newborn is in normal health is
Definition
7-10 pt range
4pt range theres a problem
Term
The waxy white substance convering the skin of some newborns is
Definition
vernix
Term
A surgical incision in the skin surrounding the vagina to speed delivery is a(n)
Definition
Episiotomy
Term
Most women in the United States
Definition
want relief from pain during childbirth
Term
On the basis of research on human bonding, we migh expect that adoptive parents
Definition
can bond with their children, even months or years after birth
Term
Animal studies generally show that
Definition
early contact between mother and newborn can help with bonding
Term
Who is Least likely to die from sudden infant death sydrome (SIDS)?
Definition
The older child. 6 months or younger the rate is pretty high but older not as high
Term
Research on SIDS has shown that babies should be
Definition
put to sleep on their backs
Term
All reflexes
Definition
are involuntary
Term
Which Reflex allows newborns to grip so tightly that they can carry their weight?
Definition
Graspingn reflex
Term
When one-month old Lily is held upright with her feet touching a flat surface, she should
Definition
move her legs as if to walk
Term
The sucking reflex explains why babies
Definition
sucks anything that touches their lips
Term
when infants turn their heads and suck in response to touch on the cheek that is the
Definition
rooting reflex
Term
The average child can walk well unassisted is about
Definition
1 year
Term
Babies learn to grab and hold onto objects by about
Definition
6 months
Term
Among the following, the skill that is generally the first to develop is
Definition
walking well alone
Term
The sense that is the LEAST developed at birth is
Definition
Vision
Term
Newborns can focus best on
Definition
Their mothers face while she is feeding them. (Faces)
Term
By what age can breast-fed infants smell the difference between pads worn in their mothers bra and pads in a strangers bra?
Definition
A few days old
Term
In deciding how to feed a baby, a mother should consider that
Definition
breast mild contains antibodies that provide some protection against disease
Term
Who was the first to emphasize that infants are active learners, and that early learning is based on sensory and motor skills
Definition
Jean Piaget
Term
Salma is 10-month-old who is being tested on the visual cliff. We would expect her to
Definition
refuse to cross over the "visual cliff"
Term
The objects continue to exist when they cannot be seen is
Definition
Object premanence
Term
Babbling:
A) is found only in infants from the western hemisphere
B)occurs only in the infant can hear
C) Precedes cooing
D) Is universal
Definition
D) Universal
Term
On average, childern begin saying recognizable words about
Definition
1 year old
Term
Juan is a toddler whose vocab consists manily of such words as want, look, and please. He would be classified as
Definition
Expressive
Term
The language acquisition device LAD was proposed by Chomsky to explain
Definition
the universal inborn ability to learn langauge
Term
Bill constantly talks to his 3 month old infant. His friend Ted tells him that it is useless to do so, because an infant cannot understand language. Most psycholinguists would
Definition
diagree with Ted, because Bills behavior teaches communication.
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