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| Communication takes place wherever humans are together because people tend to look for meaning, even when a message is not deliberately sent. |
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| The process of communication is ethically neutral. |
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| The receiver's perception of a sender's competence and trustworthiness; credibility. |
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| The person initiating the communication. |
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| The message the speaker intends to send. |
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| The means through which the message is sent. |
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| The audience to whom the message is delievered. |
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| The situation or context in which the transaction takes place. |
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| Elaboration Likelihood Model |
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Definition
One of the most thoroughly researched communication theories.
A comprehensive theory of persuasion. |
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| The degree to which a receiver scrutinizes a message. |
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| Receivers mentally elaborate on the elements of your message and carefully scrutinize your arguments and evidence. |
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| peripheral route processing |
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| Receivers give brief attention to the message without elaborated thought. |
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| interpersonal communication |
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| The process of using messages to generate meaning between at least two people in a situation that allows mutual opportunities for both speking and listening. |
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| small group communication |
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| communication that takes place among three or more individuals whoare interdependent, share goals, identify with one another, and interact. |
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| organizational communication |
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| The communication that is necessary to form and maintain an organization. |
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| The process of using messages to generate meanings in a situation in which a single source transmits a message to a number of receivers. |
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| The process of using messages to generate meaning in a mediated system, between a source and a large number of unseen receivers. |
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| The communication of news, information about events in our communities, our nation, and our world; and commentary. |
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| The process of becoming aware of objects and events from the senses. |
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| Perception in which your mind selects, organizes, and interprets that which you sense |
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| Your uniquely constructed meaning attributed to sensed stimuli. |
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| The idea that your past experiences lead you to see thee world in a way that is difficult to change; your initial perception persist. |
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| The part an individual plays in a group; an individual's function or expected behavior. |
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| A system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that the members of a society use to cope with one another and with their world. |
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| A group whose beliefs or behaviors distinguish it from the larger culture of which it is a part and with which it shares numerous similarities. |
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| The tendency to expose yourself to information that reinforces, rather than contradicts, your beliefs or opinions. |
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| The tendency, when you expose yourself to information and ideas, to focus on certain cues and ignore others. |
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| The tendency to see, hear, and believe only what you want to see, hear, and believe. |
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| The tendency to remember better the things that reinforce your beliefs rather than those that oppose them. |
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| The focal point of your attention. |
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| The background against which your focus attention occurs. |
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| The tendency to fill in missing information in order to complete an otherwise incomplete figure or statement. |
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| The principle that objects physically close to each other will be perceived as a unit or group. |
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| The principle that elements are grouped together because they share attributes such as size, color, or shape. |
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| Perception that involves a blend of internal states and external stimuli. |
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| The assignment of meaning to people's behavior. |
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| fundamental attribution error |
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Definition
| In judging other people, the tendency to attribute their successes to the situation and their failures to their personal characteristics. |
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| In assessing ourselves, the tendency to attribute our own successes to our personal qualities and our failures to the circumstances. |
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| The process in which the self develops through the messages and feedback received from others. |
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| The idea that you behave and see yourself in ways that are consistent with how others see you. |
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| According to Maslow, the fulfillment of one's potential as a person. |
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| The picture you have of yourself; the sort of person you believe you are. |
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| Feedback in which others treat you in a manner consistent with who you believe you are. |
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| Feedback in which others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with your self-definition. |
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| Feedback in which others fail to respond to your notion of self by responding neutrally. |
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| The feeling you have about your self-concept; that is, how well you like and value yourself. |
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| The control (or lack of control) of the communication of information through a performance. |
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| Individuals who are highly aware of their identity management behavior. |
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| Individuals who communicate with others with little attention to the responses to their message. |
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| The socially approved and presented identity of an individual. |
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| Verbal and nonverbal strategies that are used to present your own varying images to others and to help them maintain their own images. |
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| Our efforts to save face for others. |
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Definition
| A collection of symbols, letters, or words with arbitrary meanings that are governed by rules and used to communicate. |
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| The process of assigning meanings to others' words in order to translate them into thoughts of your own. |
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| The study of the way humans use language to evoke meaning in others. |
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| The way in which words are arranged to form phrases and sentences. |
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| The process of translating your thoughts into words. |
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| The study of language as it is used in a social context, including its effect on the communicators. |
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| Communication that is used to establish a mood of sociability rather than to communicate information or ideas. |
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| The socially transmitted behavior patterns, beliefs, attitudes, and values of a particular period, class, community, or population. |
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| A theory that our perception of reality is determined by our thought processes and our thought processes are limited by our language and, therefore, that language shapes our reality. |
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| The agreed-upon meaning or dictionary meaning of a word. |
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| An individualized or personalized meaning of a word, which may be emotionally laden. |
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| Words and phrases used informally. |
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| An expression that has lost originality and force through overuse. |
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| A more polite, pleasant expression used instead of a socially unacceptable form. |
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| Any language that is purposefully constructed to disguise its actual meaning. |
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| A specialized language of a group of people who share a common interest or belong to a similar co-culture. |
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| Language that is disrespectful of things sacred. |
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| The technical language developed by a professional group. |
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| Words and phrases specific to a particular region or part of the country. |
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| Language that excludes individuals on the basis of gender. |
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| Language that insults a group because of its skin color or ethnicity. |
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| Language that implies that everyone is heterosexual. |
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| The practice of describing observed behavior or phenomena instead of offering personal reactions or judgements. |
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| Restating another person's message by rephrasing the content or intent of the message. |
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| A definition that identifies something by revealing how it works, how it is made, or what it consists of. |
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| Words and statements that are specific rather than abstract or vague. |
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| Specifying when you made an observation, since everything changes over time. |
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| An assessment of a concept that does not change over time. |
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| Identifying the uniqueness of objects, events, and people. |
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Definition
| The ability of individuals and systems to respond respectfully and effectively to people of all cultures, classes, races, ethnic backgrounds, and religions in a manner that recognizes, affirms, and values the worth of individuals, families, and communities and protects and preserves the dignity of each. |
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