Term
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Definition
for every biological question, there is an animal optimally suited to provide the answer
--> highlights the comparative approach |
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Term
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Definition
- messages that move away from the CNS
- autonomic and somatic motor neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| messages that move toward the brain |
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Term
| What does conduction velocity depend on? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 groups of neurons? |
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Definition
- Sensory (afferent)
- Motor (efferent) - output to muscles or glands
- Interneurons - carry info btw neurons, or btw neurons and target cells |
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Term
| Which type of neurons are the smallest and the most plentiful? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the site of integration of the signal |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the spike initiation zone? |
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Definition
| the junction of the axon and the soma |
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Term
| Passive electrical properties |
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Definition
| capacitance and resistance |
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Term
| Active electrical properties |
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Definition
| neurons conduct electrical signals without decrement |
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Term
| What causes a voltage-gated ion channel to open or close? |
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Definition
| they open or close in response to a change in membrane potential/Vm |
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Term
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Definition
| specific molecules released by the axon terminals of presynaptic neuron in response to action potential or change in Vm |
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Term
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Definition
| form the myelin sheath in the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
involved in immune response and act as scavengers
- may also cause oxidative damage to cells and tissue and can be part of translation of diseases |
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Term
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Definition
source of neuronal stem cells
responsible for neurogenesis |
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Term
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Definition
| barriers between compartments |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What occurs at a node of Ranvier? |
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Definition
they are unmyelinated gaps
receive a replinishment of ions |
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Term
| What is Ek+ (equilibrium potential for K+) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where does threshold need to be reached? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when you reach Eion? |
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Definition
there is no more net movement of that ion
- that's why an action potential can't go beyond EK+ or ENa+ |
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Term
| What are K+ leak channels responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are voltage-gated ion channels important for? |
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Definition
| rising (depolarization) phase of the action potential |
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Term
| What are voltage-gated K+ channels important for? |
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Definition
| repolarization of the membrane (falling phase of the action potential) |
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Term
| What happens when the extracellular concentration of K+ increased by 2 mM? |
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Definition
| Vm becomes more positive and therefore it decreases |
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