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Human Body
Human Body
63
Science
7th Grade
03/11/2010

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Term
Organ System
Definition
Cells- Tissues- Organs- Organ System
Term
Digestion
Definition
Process by which your body breaks down food into smalled nutrient molecules
Term
Three Main Functions of the Digestive System
Definition

1. Breaks down Food

2. Absorbs food into the bloodstream

3. Eliminates Waste

Term
Mechanical Digestion
Definition
(chewing) when food is physically broken down 
Term
Chemical Digestion
Definition
Uses Chemicals to break down food molecules into tiny molecules 
Term
Mouth
Definition
Beginning of the digestive system 
Term
Esophagus
Definition
Connects the mouth to the stomach
Term
Peristalsis
Definition
Series of muscle contractions that keep food moving in one direction 
Term
Stomach
Definition
Where most mechanical digestion occurs
Term
Small Intestions
Definition
Where food molecules are absorbed and where chemical digestion occurs
Term
Liver
Definition

PRODUCES chemicals used in chemical digestion.

(bile)

Term
Gall Bladder
Definition
STORES bile
Term
Pancreous
Definition
Produces chemicals that the small intentions use to break down starches, proteins and fats.
Term
Large Intestion
Definition
Absorbs water from food
Term
Rectum
Definition
Compresses waste materials that are to be eliminated 
Term
Where does the waste Exit the body?
Definition
Through the Anus
Term
What does the circulatory system do?
Definition
Carries need substances throughout the body
Term
What substances does the Circulatory system carry? 
Definition
Glucose, Oxygen, Water, Carbon Dioxide, and other nutrients to and away from cells
Term
What does the Circulatory System consist of?
Definition
The heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Term
Arteries 
Definition
Blood Vessels that carry blood TO the heart
Term
Veins
Definition
Blood Vessels that carry the blood AWAY from the heart
Term
Capillaries
Definition
The sites of gas exchange
Term
What does the Respiratory System do?
Definition
Moves oxygen into your body and carbon dioxide out of your body.
Term
What is the Respiratory Equation?
Definition
C6H12O6+6O2---6CO2+6H2O+ energy
Term
What is the Respiratory System Equation? 
Definition

C6H12O6+6O2---6CO2+6H2O+ energy

Term
What is Cellular Respiration?
Definition
The process in which oxygen and glucose are changed chemically into energy the body can use. 
Term
Where does Cellular Respiration occur?
Definition
In the mitochondria of every cell in the body.
Term
Where does air enter?
Definition
Through the nose
Term
After the air enters, where does it travel next?
Definition
The Trachea
Term
Where does air finally go after two steps?
Definition
The Lungs
Term
What connects the trachea to the lungs?
Definition
Tubes called Bronchi
Term
What muscle draws air into the lungs?
Definition
The Diaphram
Term
What causes the lungs to take in as much oxygen as it does and why?
Definition
Structures called Alveoli takes helps take in more oxygen because of increased surface area
Term
What does the Excretory system do?
Definition
Collects waste that are produced and removes them from the body.
Term
Kidneys
Definition
Major excretory organs that eliminate urine.
Term
Ureters
Definition
Tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder
Term
Uretha
Definition
The tube in which urine exits the body
Term
What is a Stimulus?
Definition
Any change or signal from the environment that can make an organism react in some way
Term
What is an example of a stimulus?
Definition
Catching a tennis ball
Term
What does the Nervous System do?
Definition
Receives and reacts to information(stimuli) from both inside and outside of your body. 
Term
What is another name for a Nerve Cell?
Definition
Neuron
Term
What are nerve cells?
Definition
Specialized cells that carry information though the nervous system.
Term
What are the two divisions of the nervous system?
Definition
Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous system
Term
What does that Central Nervous system consist of?
Definition
The brain and the spinal chord
Term
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of? 
Definition
All of the nerves located outside of the central nervous system
Term
What are the three main regions of the brain?
Definition

Interprets Information from the sences

Controls movement of the skeletal muscles

Carries out complex mental proccesses

Term
What kinds of mental processes does the brain carry out?
Definition
Learning, remembering, and making judgements
Term
What are the three main regions of the brain?
Definition
Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and the Brain stem
Term
What does the cerebrum do?
Definition

Interprets information from the sences

Controls the movement of skelatal muscles.

 Carries out complex mental processes

Term
What does the cerebellum do?
Definition
Coordinates the actions of your muscles and helps you keep your balance
Term
What does the brain stem do?
Definition
Controls your body's involuntary movements
Term
What are involuntary movements?
Definition
Moments the occur automatically such as breathing and digestion
Term
What groups can the Peripheral Nervous System be broken down into?
Definition
Somatic and Autonomic
Term
What is the Somatic Nervous system control?
Definition
Voluntary Actions such as tying you shoe
Term
What does the Autonomic Nervous system control?
Definition
Involuntary actions such as breathing.
Term
What does the skeletal system do?
Definition

Provides support for the body

protects internal organs

provides attachment site for muscles and organs

produces blood cells 

Term
What does the Skeletal System do?
Definition

Provides support for the body

protects internal organs

provides attachment site for muscles and organs

produces blood cells 

Term
What are the three types of muscles that the muscle system consist of?
Definition

Skeletal Muscles

Smooth Muscles

Cardiac Muscles

Term
What are Skeletal Muscles?
Definition
Voluntary muscles that move bone. 
Term
What are smooth muscles?
Definition
Muscles that are involuntary and control involuntary actions such as digestion
Term
What are cardiac muscles?
Definition
Involuntary muscles that form in the heart.
Term
How are all of these systems related?
Definition
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