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HUMAN BODY IGCSE level y10
Blood, digestive system, enzymes, homostasis, kidneys
45
Science
Not Applicable
03/05/2005

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Term
Homostasis
Definition
mainrenace of a constant internal enviroment
Term
MOSSLA
Definition
Mouth
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Anus
Term
Mouth
Definition
Chews the food and breaks down larger molecules
Term
Oesophagus
Definition
The food chute to the stomach
Term
Stomach (3 things)
1) What happens
2) produces
3) produces and why
Definition
Pummels food with muscular walls
Produces protease enzymes
produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and to give the right pH for protease to work
Term
Small Instestine (3 things)
1) enzymes
2) shape
3)what happens there
Definition
Produces the protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes
Long, folded to get greater surface area. Villi, finger shaped, cover the inner surface area
food is absorbed intot he blood
Term
Large intestine
Definition
excess water is stored
Term
Anus
Definition
Faeses leaves the body
Term
Salivary Glands
Definition
Amylase breaks down starch
Term
Liver
Definition
Bile is prduced here
Term
Bile
Definition
Bile emulsifues fats and neutralizes stomach acid
Term
Pancreas
Definition
Produces Amylase, protease, and lipase enzymes
Term
Gall Bladder
Definition
Bile is stored before going into the intestine
Term
WHAT Type of molecules do bread, potatos, amd Muesli produce
Definition
Starch----------------Glucose molecules
Term
WHAT Type of molecules do meat, eggs, fish produce
Definition
Protiens ------Amino acids
Term
Butter, cooking oil, sausages
Definition
Fat---------------Fatty acids and glycerol molecules
Term
Red blood cells
do what
Definition
1)carry oxygen to all the cells in the body
Term
What is the red blood cell's shape?
Definition
flying doughnut shape
Term
What does red blood cells contain?
Definition
3)contain haemogoblin when combined with oxygen which is gery red and contains a lot of irons
Term
What does red blood cells not have?
Definition
NO NUCLEUS
Term
What is the main job of a white blood cell?
Definition
defence againbst diseases
Term
What do white blood cells have?
Definition
BIG NUCLEUS
Term
WBC produce two things and why?
Definition
They produce antibodies to fight bacteria and antitoxins to neutralise the toxins produced by bacteria.
Term
What is plasma and what does it look like?
Definition
Plasma is a straw coloured liquid that carries almost everything
Term
What are a few of the things that plasma carries
Definition
Pasma carries RBC and WBC, nutrients, Carbon Dioxide, Urea, Hormones, and antibodies and antitoxins
Term
Platelets
Definition
small fragments ofcells
Term
What to platelets not have?
Definition
NO NUCLEUS
Term
Three roles of Kidneys
Definition
1) removes urea from blood
2)adusts ions in the blood
3)adusts the water content in blood
Term
Why is Urea dangerous
Definition
Urea is poisoness
Term
Name the parts of the eye
Definition
Iris
Cornea
pupil
lens
cilary muscle
optic nerve
blind spot
fovea
retina
sclera
suspensory ligaments
Term
In bright light... (eye)
Definition
Circular muscles contratc, the iris closes up...pupil gets smaller
Term
In dim light...(eye)
Definition
Radial muscles contrract...iris opens up...pupil gets bigger
Term
For far objects...(eye)
Definition
Ciliary muscles relax and suspensory muscles contract...lens becomes thin
Term
for close objects... (eye)
Definition
Suspensory muscles relax and ciliary muscles contract...lens becomes fat
Term
Names on a Neurone
Definition
Cell body
nucleus
axon
synapse
Term
what is ADH
Definition
anti diuretic hormone
Term
The Reflex arc is
(6)
Definition
Receptor------sensory neurone-------relay neurone---------motor neurine--------effectr------response
Term
Sense organs are
Definition
eye, ear, skin, nose,tounge
Term
Things needed to maintain a constant body level are
(5)
Definition
water levels-------------body temperature----------pressure----------carbon dioxide---------------glucose
Term
When hot...
Definition
blood needs water---temp rises------starts to sweat----messages to brain------drink needed
Term
When hot...
Definition
blood needs water---temp rises------starts to sweat----messages to brain------drink needed
Term
when cold...
Definition
sensory cells detect increase in temp------brain recieves message and relays another message to target cells----increase sweat vasodilation------body temp. falls--normal body temp
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
part of the brain the regukates temp.
Term
vasoconstriction
Definition
When blood vessells near the skin contract.
Term
Vasodilation
Definition
when blood vessells expand near the skin
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