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| Science dealing with origin, form, and behaviour of living things. |
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| Branch of physics that describes motion and how forces create motion. Science that studies the influence of forces on bodies. |
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| The study of mechanics applied to biology. Descrive the influence of forces on biological systems such as humans, animals, plants, organs, and cells using methods of mechanics. |
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| Issues address by biomechanists: |
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Definition
1. mobility of a person
2. work-related injury
3. reducing osteoporosis
4. understanding the effects of microgravity
5. improving the performance of an athlete
6. designing saver vehicles |
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"study of body at rest"
The body is either not moving or moving at a constant velocity. The forces are balanced! |
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"study of bodies in motion"
Objects subjected to acceleration, or a change in the state of motion. |
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| The description of motion without regard to its causes. |
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The study the causes of motion (primarily the study of forces)
force, moment, work, impulse, power, etc. |
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motion along a straight line
squat to bar |
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Motion along a curved line
descent from bars, projectile motion |
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| Rotation around a central imaginary line known as the axis of rotation. |
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1 pound = 0.45kg
2.2 pound = 1 kg |
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| towards the front of body |
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| toward midline of the body |
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| closer in proximity to the trunk |
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| towards the surface of the body |
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| farther away from the head |
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| towards the back of the body |
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| at a distance from the trunk |
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| inside the body and away from the body surface |
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| move a segment away from the midline |
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| move a segment towards the midline |
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| "lateral flexion" on the hand towards the radius (thumb side) |
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| "medial flexion" of the hand towards the ulna |
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| a case of general motion involving a circular movement of a segment |
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| Any object, body, or body part that is being focused upon for analysis |
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| overall effect of many forces acting on the system |
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originate outside a rigid body
tension, gravity, ground reaction forces, forces from structures/objects connected to the body |
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orginate and terminate within the rigid body
muscles, ligament, tendon, bone-on-bone forces |
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| Forces are characterized by: |
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Definition
Magnitude
Direction
Point of Application |
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Definition
moment arm forces
moment arm load
is greater than 1
2nd class levers |
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moment arm forces
moment arm load
is less than 1
3rd class
(mechanical disadvantage)
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Definition
1st class lever
load-fulcrum-force
triceps brachii |
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2nd class lever
fulcrum-load-force
wheel-barrow, gastrocnemius |
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3rd class lever
load-force-fulcrum
biceps brachii, biceps femoris |
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frontal plane
antero-posterior axis |
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| medial rotation of the leg |
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sagittal plane
medio-lateral axis |
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1 - flexion
2 - extension
3 - hyperextension
sagittal plane
medio-lateral axis |
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transverse plane
longitudinal axis |
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