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any abnormal functioning of a cell, tissue, organ, or organ system |
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| organism with the genetic capacity to cause disease |
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| incidence of disease in a population |
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| rapid rise in the number of disease cases |
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| infectious agent composed only of protein |
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| acellular particles, no cell components, contains either DNA or RNA obligate intracellular parasites that reproduce by using host cell's machinery |
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| air blood contact cuts food and water vectors |
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| An infectious disease that can be spread from person to person or animals to humans. |
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| thick cell wall, contains toxins that kill WBC, lyse RBC, TSS Toxin, MRSA |
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| thin cell wall, contains LPS (an endotoxin that leads to sepsis) |
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| streptococcus arrangement |
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| toxins that kill WBC, lyse RBC, TSS toxin, MRSA |
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| typically found in undercooked meats, milk, and contaminated water, leads to bloody diarrhea and possible kidney failure |
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| affects the PNS, symptoms include weakness and flaccid paralysis. |
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| causes severe painful spasms and rigidity of voluntary muscles, most common symptom is lockjaw |
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| infection that is usually spread through the bite of an infected mosquito, and can infect an animal or human in one of three ways |
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| agent that stops bacterial nucleic acid synthesis in DNA along with anthrax and quinolones |
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| agent that stops bacterial nucleic acid synthesis in RNA along with TB bacillus |
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| spread through sexual contact and blood-borne transmission, it infects the liver and causes inflammation |
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| virus that is necessary for the formation of cervical cancer |
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| acid-fast positive bacteria |
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| consists of a thick cell wall filled with a butter like lipid. mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium tuberculosis are common examples |
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| opportunistic pathogen that is found in yeast, it is immuno suppressed and treated with extended antibiotic treatment |
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| the protein shell of a virus, encloses the genetic material of the virus |
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| refers to a layer outside the cell wall of a bacteria that protect bacteria from phagocytosis |
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| no nucleus, no organelles, all one cell |
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| type of E. coli that is a cytotoxic toxin which attacks the kidneys |
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| type of E. coli that is cytotonic and causes diarrhea without fever. Commonly received from contaminated water found in underdeveloped countries |
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| a gram-negative diplococcus bacteria that is a strain of meningococcus |
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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| acid-fast positive bacteria that causes TB bacillus, also the major killer of aids |
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| a virus that is integrated into the system but is inactive |
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| agent produced by living organisms that kills or inhibits other organisms (can be either bacteria or fungi) fungi = most common |
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| inhibit growth and reproduction of bacteria without killing them |
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| substance that kills bacteria and, preferably, nothing else |
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| antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue/skin to help reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction |
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| antimicrobial agents that are applied to non-living materials to destroy microorganisms |
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| antibacterial agents that stops cell wall synthesis by killing bacteria |
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| agent that stops bacterial protein synthesis - bacteriostatic and binds to the 70s ribosome |
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| "last resort drug" that is used only after antibiotic treatment has failed (MRSA) |
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| class of medications that are used specifically to fight against viruses |
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| antiviral agent - it fights against herpes by stopping DNA synthesis (reduces pain/spreading) |
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| antiviral agent - fights against the flu by stopping viral uncoating (stops flu earlier) |
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| antiviral agent - fights against HIV by stopping reverse transcriptase |
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| class of medication that is specifically used for treating fungal infections (some work against protozoa) |
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| antifungal agent - pore former; punches hole in the cell membrane |
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| antifungal agent - stops cell membrane synthesis; works against fungal infections in the system |
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| class of medications that is used specifically for treating protozoal infections |
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| antiprotozoal agent - fights against trichomonas, robs the cell's ability to make ATP |
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| antiprotozoal agent - fights against a severe type of pneumonia found in HIV patients |
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| agent used to fight against smallpox, fever, and pain. Also used to help treat cases of malaria |
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| antiviral drug that is used to treat the influenza virus. Real name is Oseltamivir |
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| Gram negative bacteria that invades tissue and has LPS; causes typhoid and paratyphoid fever as well as foodborne illness |
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| a toxin that is not secreted in soluble form by live bacteria, but is released when a bacteria is lysed |
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| serious medical condition characterized by a whole-body inflammatory state caused by infection |
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| a soluble protein that is excreted by a microorganism that can cause damage to the host by destroying cells |
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| a toxin that causes a person to lose lots of fluids |
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| toxins that kill cells and also cause the diptheria toxin (stops protein synthesis) |
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| a bacterial toxin that has been weakened by chemical and is typically used in a vaccine |
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| a vaccine that uses a "live" bacteria or virus to elicit immunity |
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| a vaccine that uses a "dead" bacteria or virus to elicit immunity |
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| gram negative bacterium that infects the stomach and causes stomach ulcers and possibly stomach cancers |
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| gram positive bacteria that is a deadly microbe which produces lethal toxins and endospores (to assure its survival through various environmental stressors). Causes anthrax. |
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| gram negative bacterium that causes Legionnaire's Disease |
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| Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - it is resistant to both methicillin and penicillin which makes it difficult to treat |
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| gram positive bacterium that causes strep throat and toxins that kill RBC, WBC, and TSS-like toxins |
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| causes cholera (profuse diarrhea) which eventually causes people to simply lose all the fluids in their body |
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| a three-in-one vaccine that protects from diptheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus |
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| vaccine that protects against certain types of human papilloma virus |
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| symptom of the botulinum toxin (BOTOX), causes weakness or paralysis and reduced muscle tone |
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| gram negative bacterium that causes syphilis (a spirochete) |
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| infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites with symptoms that include fever, shivering, joint pain, vomiting, anemia, and convulsions. Can relapse and reappear for years. |
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| The protozoa that causes the STD Trichomoniasis |
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| disease causing protozoa that is a flagellate found in water that colonizes and reproduces in the small intestine |
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| fungus that causes a disease in the lungs of humans, dogs, and cats |
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| infections caused by pathogens that usually do not cause disease in a person with a healthy immune system |
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| infection of the skin characterized by a reddish to brownish raised or bumpy patch of skin that may be light in the center. Caused by a parasytic fungi |
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