Term
| 4 functions of the skeletal system |
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Definition
| Framework, protection, storage, production |
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Term
| the term for the end of the bone |
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Definition
|
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Term
| term for the middle of the bone |
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Definition
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Term
| Diaphysis is made up of what kind of bone |
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Definition
|
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Term
| epiphysis is made up of what kind of bone |
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Definition
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Term
| what brings nutrients to the osteocytes |
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Definition
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Term
| a baby is born with how many bones |
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Definition
|
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Term
| an average adult has how many bones |
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Definition
|
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Term
| osteoblasts are responsible for doing what to bones |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is a mature osteoblast called |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| are men or woman more likely to get osteoporsis |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are the three types of joints |
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Definition
| synarthritic, amphiarthritic, diarthritic (synovial) |
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Term
| what joint is immovable and held together by threadlike connective tissue |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what joints are also called synovial and are freely movable. they have cartilage between the bone. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what joints are slightly movable and have cartilage in between bones |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are two types of arthritis |
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Definition
| Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis |
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|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder. true or false |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| osteoarthritis is characterized by the wearing down of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| when you have carpal tunnel what is putting pressure on the nerves in your wrist. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are 3 types of muscle tissue |
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Definition
| smooth, cardiac, skeletal |
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Term
| smooth muscle tissue is found in what kind of organs and is an invouluntary muscle |
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Definition
|
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Term
| cardiac muscle is found in what organ and is invoulantary |
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Definition
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Term
| sketetal muscle tissue is attached to ________ by tendons and it is voluntary |
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Definition
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Term
| the organization os skeletal muscle tissue; Muscle-> ______ -> muscle cell/fiber -> myofibrils -> ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| In which zone is where only myosin is present |
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Definition
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Term
| the Sacroplasmic reticulum has tons of calcium. true or false |
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Definition
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Term
| what term means stiffness after death |
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Definition
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Term
| what is no longer released during relaxation of motor neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| what two parts make up the Central Nervous System |
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Definition
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Term
| which nervous system is made up of nerves |
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Definition
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Term
| what stimulates the skeletal muscle tissue, this is voluntary |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what stimulates the cardiac and smooth muscle tissue, this is involuntary |
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Definition
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Term
| fight or flight response which nervous system? this causes increased heart rate, respiration, blood flow to skeletal muscle tissue, and decreased digestion |
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Definition
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Term
| what nervous system is in charge of resting functions. Causes decreased heart rate, respiration, and an increased digestion |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is a neurons function |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of neurons give information to the central nervous system |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what kind of neurons conduct impulses leaving the central nervous system |
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Definition
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Term
| what kind of neurons are found between the sensory and motor neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| how many MV causes the voltage gated sodium channels to open |
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Definition
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Term
| to repolarize what is the range you have to go from |
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Definition
|
|
Term
what two pumps help the cell return to
-65 MV |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| name all 6 neurotransmitters |
|
Definition
| acetylcholine, nopinephine/epinephrine(NE/E), dopamine, serotonin, substance p, endorphins |
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|
Term
| what is in charge of skeletal muscle tissue |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is Norepinephrine/epinephrine in charge of |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is in charge of mood, exhibits skeletal muscle contraction, can cause Parkinsons disease if ther isnt enough. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is in charge of mood, temperature, sleep, and appetite |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is found in pain pathways |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what blocks the release of substance P and are 200 times stronger than opidis |
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Definition
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|
Term
| your spinal cord is highly organized. true or false |
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Definition
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|
Term
| sensory neurons enter through what part of the spinal cord |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| motor neurons exit through what part of the spinal cord |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| name the 3 layers of connective tissue |
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Definition
| pura matter, pia matter, arachnoid matter |
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|
Term
| what part of the connective tissue layers is a weblike structure |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what part of the connective tissue layers is the outer most layer and is also called tough mother |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what part of the connective tissue layers in the innermost layer |
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Definition
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Term
| what is found between the arachnoid and pia matter, surrounds the spinal cord and brain and fills the ventriclues (holes in the brain) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what are the fluid filled spaces that are filled with cerebral spinal fluid |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 parts to the brain stem(the continuation of the spinal cord) |
|
Definition
| medulla oblongata, pons (bridge), mid-brain |
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|
Term
| what is is called when the left hemisphere controls the right and the right hemisphere controls the left |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is in charge of the vital reflex centers |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the Pons regulate |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what interprets visual input and auditory input |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the switchboard of teh brain, relays information to the various locations of the brain, almost all incoming info goes through here |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what part of the brain maintains homeostasis |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the hypothalamus create and what does it stimulate |
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Definition
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|
Term
| melatonin is secreated by what gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of hormone levels the effects of reproduction in humans. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does SAD stand for. It is due to an increase in melatonin levels |
|
Definition
| Seasonal Affective Disorder |
|
|
Term
| what part of the brain is important for balance and coordination |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can cross the blood brain barrier and cause temporary impairment |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| name the four functions of the limbic system |
|
Definition
| Emotions, motivation, learning and memory, olfaction (smell) |
|
|
Term
| name 3 structures of the limbic system |
|
Definition
| amygdale,hippocampus,fornix |
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|
Term
| what is the rage center of the brain and is shaped like an almond |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the hippocampus is responsible for what kind of learning and memory |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what connects the hippocampus to the hypothalamus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the cerebrum has two hemispheres what are they |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the two hemispheres are connected by what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name the 4 lobes of the brain |
|
Definition
| frontal,parietal,occipital,temporal |
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|
Term
| what lobe initiates motor commands and personality |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what area of the brain stores all the movements that you have performed before and it will relay the stored information into the primary motor area to carry out the movements |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what area of the brain lets you fore see the consequences of your actions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what part of the brain is in charge of pain, touch, and temperature |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what are of teh brain stores all past sensations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the occipital lobe of teh brain is incharge of what function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the temporal lobe is in charge of what two functions |
|
Definition
| auditory, olfaction input |
|
|
Term
| is the occipital lobe located in the front or back of the brain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the left hemisphere of the is in charge of what two types of functions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The right hemisphere of the brain is in charge of what two types of functions |
|
Definition
| creativity, artisticability |
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|
Term
| Wernickes Aphasia is described as being what |
|
Definition
| the lack of structured sentences.In the patients mind they make sense but the listener hears a bunch of words that dont fit together |
|
|
Term
| what is an uncontrolled electrical excitation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are two treatments for seizures |
|
Definition
| medication, severing the corpus callosum (rare. if meds dont work) |
|
|
Term
| if your broca's area is damaged what happens to your speech. and where is broca's area located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Endocrine glands are ductless True or Flase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what makes the endocrine glands ductless |
|
Definition
| the secret hormones directly into the blood |
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|
Term
| what are the two portions of the pituitary gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the posterior pituitary releases what 2 hormones |
|
Definition
| antidiuretic hormone,oxytocin |
|
|
Term
| Antidiuretic hormone is released in response to what |
|
Definition
| low blood volume (dehydration) |
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|
Term
| what stimulates contraction of the uterus, stimulates development of the mammary glands, and in males plays a role in sexual response(ejaculation) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the thyroid gland secretes what in response to thyroid stimulating hormones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T3 and T4 increases the rate of what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if you had no iodine in your diet what will form and the thyroid will keep expanding and it can impair speech |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name a few effects of hyperthyroidism |
|
Definition
| too much T3 and T4, weight loss, increased heart rate, increased respiration, flushed skin/ moist skin |
|
|
Term
| name a few effects of hypothyroidism |
|
Definition
| not enough T3 and T4, weight gain, dry skin, lethargic, hair loss |
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|
Term
| what is secreted in response to high levels of blood calcium and acts to decrease blood calmium levels |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the parathyroid secrete |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the parathyroid horomone increases what, activates what, and increases the absorbtion of what from the diet |
|
Definition
| blood calcium, osteoclasts,calcium |
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|
Term
| what does the adrenal medulla secrete |
|
Definition
| norephrine/epinephrine(NE/E) |
|
|
Term
| what 2 things does the adrenal cortex secrete |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what 2 things does cortisol decrease |
|
Definition
| inflammation, activity of white blood cells |
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|
Term
| aldesterone increases what 2 things |
|
Definition
| blood volume, blood pressure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the pancreas regulate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 cell types of the pancreas that secrete hormones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do alpha cells secrete |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do beta cells secrete |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| insulin does what to blood glucose levels and facilitates the absorbtion of what into the cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glucogon does what to blood glucose levels, promotes gluconed gensis, and promotes what |
|
Definition
| increases, glycogenolysis |
|
|
Term
| what are the two types of diabetes mellitus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type II diabetes affects children true or false |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type I diabetes affects children true or false |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type I diabetes is a ________ disorder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which cells are under attack in type I diabetes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type I diabetes is treated by what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type two diabetes affects what age range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type II diabetes is an autoimmune disorder true or false |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most often Type II diabetes is caused by the down regulation of what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the three symptoms of diabetes mellitus |
|
Definition
| polyphasia, polyuria, polydipsia |
|
|
Term
| what two things do ovaries secrete |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the testies secrete |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the pineal gland secrete |
|
Definition
|
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