Term
| Choose the proper order of the taxonomic categories from SMALLEST to LARGEST |
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Definition
| Genus, Family, Order, Phylum, Domain |
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Term
| Organisms that are designated as autotrophs obtain their energy from |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is true when two monosaccharides bond together to form a disaccharide? |
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Definition
| It is a dehydration synthesis reaction |
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Term
| The sum of all chemical reactions that take place in the body are known as |
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Definition
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Term
| In biological systems, what substances are composed of weak acid and a weak base and help maintain H with certain narrow limits? |
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Term
| Sodium has 11 protons. How many electrons are in its third energy level? |
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Definition
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Term
| The nucleus of an atom contains |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the strongest chemical bond? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when shared electrons spend more time around an oxygen atom, giving it a net negative charge |
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Term
| WHen a solution has a pH of greater than 7 |
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Definition
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Term
| The chemical symbol for Sodium is |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| b. A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will swell |
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Term
| Which cellular organelle is responsible for sorting, packaging and delivering proteins to various parts of the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| The organelle known as the powerhouse of the cell that produces ATP is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Movement of molecules against the concentration gradient (moving from areas of low to high concentrations) using ATP in the process is called |
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Definition
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Term
| Which accurately describes translation? |
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Definition
| Protein is produced using the mRNA template |
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Term
| Describe osmosis (short answer) |
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Definition
| Diffusion through water. Water Follows the Solute from high to low concentrations until equilibrium is reached. |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a component of connective tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cells suspended in blood plasma and are responsible for carrying respiratory gases? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue? |
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Definition
| There is an extensive extra-cellular matrix (there isn't) |
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Term
| An organelle found in the cytoplasm that synthesizes proteins is called |
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Definition
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Term
Complimentary mRNA to this DNA sequence
A-G-T-A-C-C-T-G |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following describes mRNA |
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Definition
e. Both a and C
a. It is transcribed from DNA
c. Is simular to DNA, except for the transcription of Uracil (U) for Thymine (T) |
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Term
| The Cells in the epidermis that are involved in immunity are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| How many cervical vertebra does a person have? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hari and skin color is due to the activity of which kind of cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| The growth plate of a bone is known as |
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Definition
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Term
| The spaces between the trabeculae of spongy bone contain |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the process by which most of the long bones are formed in which hyaline cartilage template is replaced by bone matrix |
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Definition
| Endochondral ossification |
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Term
| The cells responsible for breaking down bone and adding minerals to the bloodstream are called |
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Definition
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Term
| The glands that produce sweat/perspiration are known as |
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Definition
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Term
| Which layer of the epidermis contains the "stem cells" that divide to produce the majority of the cells in the adjacent layers? |
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Definition
| Stratum Germanitivum/ Stratum Basale |
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Term
| What substance is secreted by parietal cells in the stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
| What salivary gland is located inferior to the ear, produces approximately 25% of saliva and produces secretions rich in salivary amylase but little to no mucus? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many canines does the human adult have in each quadrant of their mouth |
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Definition
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Term
| Which organ of the digestive system secretes many digestive enzymes and sodium bicarbonate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is NOT a function of the liver? |
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Definition
| Production of brush border enzymes |
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Term
| Which of the following digests fats? |
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Definition
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Term
| Absorption of digested substances occurs primarily in the |
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Definition
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Term
| Insoluble plant fiber does what? |
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Definition
| Helps move chime through the digestive tract |
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Term
| Soluble plant fiber does what? |
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Definition
| Slows the absorption of glucose and helps aid in absorption |
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Term
| Each erythrocyte can carry approximately how many molecules of oxygen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood type AB has which antigens? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of leukocyte is the least numerous and functions to liberate histamine and serotonin in allergic reactions which intensifies the overall inflammatory response? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is the least listed step in homeostasis? |
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Definition
| Conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin |
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Term
| Which side of the heart pumps blood through the systemic circuit to the body? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a. Always travels away from the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Tend to have thinker, rounder walls and their tunica media contains more smooth muscle |
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Term
| What is the name of the sac surrounding the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| In its travel through the body, blood usually continues on from capillaries to enter: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following DOES NOT aid in venous return? |
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Definition
| Extensive muscular tunica media |
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Term
| Which vessels have the slowest blood velocity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which structure is the internal pacemaker of the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which portion of an EKG indicates atrial re-polarization and ventricular depolarization? |
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Definition
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Term
| From which vessels does gas exchange occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| The human vocal cords are located in the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| b. The pressure in the thoracic cavity is less than the pressure of the outside air |
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Term
| Where does gas exchange occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| The exchange of gases between the blood and the tissues is called |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most abundant atmospheric gas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which law states that the pressure of a gas in a closed container is inversely proportionate to the volume of the container? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which gas has the highest solubility coefficient |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the folowing are multipolar neurons? |
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Definition
e. A and C
a. Interneuron
c. Motor Neurons |
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Term
| Which cells myelinate axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is true of nerve cell at rest? |
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Definition
e. Both A and C
a. there is a greater concentration of sodium in the extra-celluar fluid
c. There is greater concentration of potassium in the intracelluar fluid |
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Term
| What carries information away from the soma (cell body)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which neuroglial cells are the most numerous, help form the blood-brain barrier, guide neuronal development in the developing brain and stabilize damaged neural tissue to prevent further damage? |
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Definition
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Term
Trace the simple reflex arc by selecting the correct order for the following steps
1. Arrival of the stimulus
2. Response by an effector
3. Information processing
4. Activation of a sensory neuron
5. Activation of a motor neuron |
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Definition
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Term
| What are collections of nerve cell bodies INSIDE the CNS |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do you find cell bodies of sensory neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the tough, outer-most layer of the meninges? |
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Definition
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Term
| Preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system arise from |
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Definition
e. B and C
b. Nuclei of cranial nerves
c. Spinal cord segments S2-S4 |
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Term
| Which best describes the conus medularis? |
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Definition
| b. The pointed end of the spinal cord near L1-L2 |
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Term
| On its path from the skin, a sensory/afferent neuron signal travels from a peripheral receptor through which of the following structures next? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is true of the electron transport system? |
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Definition
| e. Harness the kinetic energy of H+ ions to produce ATP |
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Term
| Which class of nutrients is the most energy packed (most calories per gram)? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the kidneys, about what proportion of the tubular fluid is reabsorbed? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what proportion of the nephron are the majority of water, sodium and organic substances reabsorbed? |
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Definition
| a. Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) |
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Term
| Which tube carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cells secrete H+ ions to adjust pH? |
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Definition
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Term
| The process by which penicillin, and unwanted substances such as toxins and some ions are put into the urine by active transport is called |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the capillary knot that where renal filtration occurs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the functional unit of the kidney? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) made? |
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Definition
| c. By the choroid plexus in the ventricles of the brain |
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Term
| Which of these is part of the brain stem? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of brain waves are present in individuals experiencing sensory input and an active mind? |
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Definition
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Term
| Indentations or grooves down the surface of the cerebrum are called |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the brain controls and coordinates subconscious movement of skeletal muscles, predicts future position of a body part and receives input from tendons, joints, muscles, receptors, in the eyes and ear? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which structure focuses the light on the retina and makes adjustments for distance? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the glands embedded in the olfactory epithelium that a water mucous that dissolves gases with odor causing molecules and moistens olfactory epithelium |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the point of the highest visual acuity (best vision) in the eye? |
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Definition
| Fovea Centralis of the Macula Lutea |
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Term
| Which ear ossicle contact the tympanic membrane? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which part of the inner ear is responsible for dynamic equilibrium only? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which energy system for muscle contraction lasts the longest? |
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Definition
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Term
| Repeated muscular stimulation without sufficient interval causing a sustained contraction is called |
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Definition
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Term
| Which muscle subunit contains myosin-binding sites? |
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Definition
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Term
| What chemical is needed for myosin cross-bridges to detach |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the support cells that provide nourishment to developing sperm, support and protect spermatogenic cells and form the blood-testes barrier? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which accessory sex gland produces fluid rich in fructose and produces the largest proportion of the semen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which layer of the uterus is shed each month during menstruation? |
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Definition
| Stratum Functionalis of the Endometrium |
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Term
| Which Hormone speaks after ovulation during the secretory menstrual phase and helps prepare the uterus for implantation? |
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Definition
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