Term
| _______ ______ are prescribed more medication than any other age group |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___% of those 65 and older use at least one drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use is ______ among those in hospitals and nursing homes |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| women or men use drugs more? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| white or black use drugs more? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 2005, the average yearly cost of medications for those 65 and older was $2,322. Out-of pocket expenses were about |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why do older adults have more medications? |
|
Definition
| a higher prevalence of chronic illness and age related aliments |
|
|
Term
| which ethnic group uses drugs the least often |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Medicare Part __ helps cover the costs of prescription medications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Medicare users must pay monthly ______ and meet a yearly _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Medicare pays ___% of prescription costs up to $2,250 then the user is responsible for all costs up to $3,600 when Medicare pays 95% |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| 2003 more than ___% of chronically ill elders did not fill prescriptions or skipped doses to help meds last longer because of cost. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Medicare premiums: ___$ a month and a year deductible of $_____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After that user pays only 25% of cost until they reach 2, 250. After that they pay full price until 3,600. After that pay only __% of cost the rest of year. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| More medications are being used and prescribed for many reasons (5) |
|
Definition
More drugs are on the market to prescribe
Some diseases are more prevalent (obesity)
Medication keeps up with science
Physician’s prescribing practices are influenced
Better marketing by drug companies to doctors and consumers |
|
|
Term
| American would rather take a pill than change |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Physician’s being influenced by . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of what happens to a drug after it enters the body |
|
|
Term
| Four parts of pharmokinetics |
|
Definition
Drug absorption
Drug distribution
Drug metabolism
Drug excretion |
|
|
Term
Because all people react to drugs
differently, the patient and physician
should “_____ _____ ____ ____ _____” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| age doesn’t affect absorption; diseases or food or other drugs are more likely to affect it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| age we tend to weigh less, different body fluid and fat and low albumin levels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as we age we have reduced liver function but that doesn’t have affects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no appreciable change in liver excretion with age; kidney function does decrease with age, and drugs circulate long. Doctors need to check kidneys and possibly lower doses. |
|
|
Term
| In order to be available without a prescription, OTC medications: (5 parts) |
|
Definition
Benefits outweigh the risk for most people
Potential for misuse and abuse is low
Consumer can use them for self-diagnosed conditions
They can be adequately labeled
Consumers can use them safely without a doctor |
|
|
Term
| benefits and drawbacks to OTC |
|
Definition
| accurately diagnose ourselves, use improperly, over medicate, cover other issues, drug interactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prescription drugs are FDA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Over ________ drugs have been approved |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Many conditions require more than ____ drug to treat them |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three most commonly prescribed drugs in 2005 |
|
Definition
Hydrocodone – pain
Lipitor – high CHO
Amoxicillin - antibiotic |
|
|
Term
| Three most prescribed drugs in 2008 |
|
Definition
Hydrocodone – pain
Lisinopril – hypertension
Simvastatin – high CHO |
|
|
Term
| Three most prescribed drugs in 2010 and 2011 |
|
Definition
Hydrocodone – pain
Zocor – high CHO
Lisinopril - hypertension |
|
|
Term
| Amoxicillin dropped to __th in 2010 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A patent is held for ___ years before a generic version of a drug can be sold |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Generic drugs have the same ______ and must meet the same standards of _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Generic drugs cost between ____ to ___% less |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| About ____ of prescription drugs have generic versions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patent means products are sold by that |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most states have legislation for pharmacies to sub a generic equivalent unless the physician |
|
Definition
| expresses it is not in best interest of the patient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The practice of prescribing multiple medications to a patient, especially if they are unnecessary or redundant medications |
|
|
Term
| Polypharmacy is common among |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ask patients what drugs they are ____ _______; coordinate medications from _______ ______ |
|
Definition
| currently taking, multiple doctors |
|
|
Term
| Use the _____ pharmacist each time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elders are at a ______ risk of adverse reactions. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polypharmacy _________ expenses for elders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Some elders will write down all prescriptions or bring medicine bottles with them to the doctor. Important to let doctor know ALL |
|
Definition
| medications and supplements one is taking. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When one drug effects a chemical in the body that either lowers or raises the blood level of another drug |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Can make the drug or alcohol more or less effective |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Should you take your meds with or
without food? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| birth control and st johns wart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An undesired or unexpected reaction produced by a medication |
|
|
Term
| Adverse drug effects may cause up to ________ deaths per year |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adverse drug effects are caused by |
|
Definition
| mistakes, allergies, interactions or the way the drug effects the person |
|
|
Term
| _____ _____ accounts for many adverse effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elders have __________ risk for adverse effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Many side effects are not known until the drug is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adverse drug effects costs ___ billion dollars a year |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adverse drug effects can cause |
|
Definition
| depression, falls, immobility, confusion and hip fractures. |
|
|
Term
| Human errors for adverse drug interactions include |
|
Definition
| such as wrong dose, wring times, interactions with other drugs. |
|
|
Term
| The ___ age group accounts for a higher percentage of hospitalizations and deaths from adverse drug effects than any other age group |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Human mistakes in handling, preparing or administrating a drug |
|
|
Term
| Five rights of drug administration |
|
Definition
Right time
Right patient
Right drug
Right dose
Right route |
|
|
Term
| _______ _____ are similar to adverse drug effects, and double checking can help |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Admitting mistakes and learning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Not adhering to your physician’s instruction regarding prescriptions is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three intentional non compliance |
|
Definition
Saving money
Reducing side effects
Feeling better |
|
|
Term
| Two non-intentional non compliance |
|
Definition
Lack of knowledge
Forgetfulness |
|
|
Term
| Important to _______ ___ an elder is being noncompliant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cannot simply _____ ___ _____ for noncompliance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____% to _____% of adults 60+ are not following medicine regimens correctly. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___% of elder noncompliant is because of forgetfulness, intentional to reduce side effects and to save money |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Health professionals must make sure elders understand ____ and can ________ their meds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Check for understanding by asking the patient to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Expect to spend more _____, answer more ________ when dealing with elders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Consider using _____ _____-proof caps for ease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Have _______ that patients can refer back to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elders often take multiple prescriptions and find it difficult to |
|
Definition
| remember all the differences |
|
|
Term
| There are many ways to help remember to take medications: (4) |
|
Definition
Place the meds by a toothbrush
Take meds with meals
Organize pills weekly or monthly
Electronic gadgets have been designed to help |
|
|
Term
| Five people responsible to not mess up prescriptions |
|
Definition
physicians
pharmacist
nurse
social worker
elder |
|
|
Term
| Physicians responsibilities |
|
Definition
| Understand more about prescribing meds to elders |
|
|
Term
| pharmacists responsibilities |
|
Definition
| Help with drug interactions and polypharmacy |
|
|
Term
| Nurses and social workers repsonsibility |
|
Definition
| Answer questions and have better patient history |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Actively seek information and answers |
|
|
Term
| Physician’s should be more educated on knowing what to ____ the elders and how to _______ the medications. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nurses and social workers may see the elder daily so they would be able to recognize any |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elder’s responsibility to know |
|
Definition
| what meds they are taking and why. |
|
|
Term
| Three types medication information sources |
|
Definition
Physicians desk reference
professional organizations
Government sites |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| FDA, National Library of Medicine, National Institute on Aging |
|
|
Term
| Four professional organizations |
|
Definition
| The Family Caregiver Alliance, The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP), AARP |
|
|
Term
| Physicians Desk Reference is like the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation and dietary changes are all |
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