Term
| Life events or life change events |
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Definition
| Discrete, observable, and objectively reportable events that require some social and/or psychological adjustment on the part of the individual |
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Term
| When would life change events occur and create stress |
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Definition
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Term
| Remote life change events |
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Definition
| Childhood events such as physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect |
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Term
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Definition
| Events encountered in everyday life, more prevalent |
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Term
| Persistant life difficulty |
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Definition
| Life events lasting more than 6 months (e.g., long-term disability) |
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Term
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Definition
| From performing specific roles (parenting, working, being in a relationship, etc.) or multiplicity of roles at the same time |
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Definition
| Response of one social group to another (e.g., overt or covert, intentional or unintentional discriminatory behavior due to race, ethnicity, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Stressors at an ecological level (e.g., living in a high-crime neighborhood) |
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Term
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Definition
| Everyday problems (e.g., standing in a queue, getting stuck in traffic) |
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Term
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Definition
Desired or anticipated events that do not occur
(e.g., wanting to graduate, not having enough credits)
Desirable events that do not occur even though their occurrence is normative for people of a certain group
(e.g., having significant other during college)
Not having anything to do (e.g., getting bored) |
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Term
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Definition
| “fight or flight” response |
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Term
| Who came up with “fight or flight” response |
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Definition
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Term
| General adaptation syndrome stages |
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Definition
Alarm reaction
Stage of resistance
Stage of exhaustion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) |
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Term
| Holmes and Rahe (1967) constructed the |
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Definition
| Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) |
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Term
| Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) |
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Definition
43 events
Calculated a life change unit (LCU) score |
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Term
| If your SRRS score is 300+ |
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Definition
| statistically you stand an almost 80% chance of getting sick in the near future |
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Term
| If your SRRS score is 150 to 299, the chances of you getting sick are about |
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Definition
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Term
| If your SRRS score is less than 150, the chances of you getting sick are about |
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Definition
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Term
| This scale seems to suggest that change in one’s life requires an effort to _____ and then an effort to _____ ______. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Dealing with and attempting to overcome problems and difficulties |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| “Coping” was officially used by Psychological Abstracts only in |
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Definition
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Term
| Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) |
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Definition
| Mechanisms of defense: devices that the mind uses in altering one’s perception of situations disturbing the internal milieu or mental balance |
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Term
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Definition
| Defense mechanisms as protective against external threats or challenges |
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Term
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Definition
| Defense mechanisms as being protective for both internal and external threats |
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Term
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Definition
| Coping is purposive and involves choices; defense mechanisms are rigid and set. Coping focuses on present; defense mechanisms focus on past |
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Term
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Definition
| Transactional model—primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, coping reappraisal |
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Term
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Definition
| 4 Stage assessment known as Appraisal |
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Term
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Definition
Am I OK or am I in trouble?
Judgment based on past; knowledge about oneself, about event; influence on others |
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Term
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Definition
| How much control do I have over the threat? |
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Term
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Definition
| Application of means identified |
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Term
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Definition
| Determining whether the original stressor has been negated |
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Term
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Definition
| Based on one’s capability to think and alter the environmental event or situation |
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Term
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Definition
| Based on focusing inward on altering the way one thinks or feels about a situation or an event |
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Term
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Definition
| thought process level, behavioral or action |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ability to influence the events of one’s experience |
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Term
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Definition
| to life activities or feeling of deep involvement |
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Term
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Definition
| to further development or anticipation of change |
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Term
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Definition
| 8 year study of job loss investigated characteristics of highly stressed people who remained healthy and those who did not manifest any illness following stressful times |
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Term
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Definition
| Antonovsky has proposed that people who possess a higher sense of coherence tend to cope better in life |
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Term
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Definition
| means that the person believes that the world around him or her is making some sense, there is some set structure, and there is some level of predictability |
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Term
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Definition
| implies the faith that one has in his or her ability to meet the various demands in life either one way or the other |
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Term
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Definition
| implies the belief that whatever one does, it has a purpose in life |
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Term
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Definition
| Tendency to look at the brighter side of things and to expect positive outcomes from one’s actions |
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Term
| Carver and his colleagues studied the effects of |
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Definition
| optimism in breast cancer patients, heart rehabilitation patients, and people in other stressful situations |
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Term
| Carver and colleagues found |
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Definition
| the beneficial effect of being optimistic on coping |
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Term
| Person with alternate view on optimism vs. coping |
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Definition
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Term
| American cardiologists Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman in their observations of heart disease patients have described |
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Definition
| two types of personalities |
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Term
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Definition
| people are characterized by time urgency, impatience, competitiveness, and hostility |
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Term
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Definition
| personalities are the opposites of Type A, as exemplified by having no time urgency, being cooperative, and having patient dispositions |
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Term
| Type A personalities have been found to demonstrate _______ coping styles in terms of showing more negative |
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Definition
| negative, physiological and psychological outcomes |
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