Term
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Definition
| Collection of science and technology tools used to manage geographic relationships and integrate information |
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Term
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Definition
| analyze spatially-referenced data and make well-informed decisions based on the association between the data and the geography |
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Term
| GIS refers to both the ______ and ______ that make up the system of digital databases and layered maps. |
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Definition
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Term
| What two types of data can GIS use |
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Definition
| Spatial data + Non-spatial data |
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Term
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Definition
Draw maps and visualize spatial distributions
Edit and alter existing data
Accurately measure distances and areas
Overlay maps of different areas
Internet GIS for public access |
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Term
| Three ways GIS can help public health |
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Definition
Research tools and planning
Spatial Decision Support Systems
Emergency Response Systems |
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Term
| Research Tools and Planning |
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Definition
Constructing mathematical models
Service planning and optimisation
Making predictions |
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Term
| Spatial Decision Support System |
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Definition
Infrastructure – roads, towns, services
Census – population statistics
Medical resource (hospitals, clinics, available beds |
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Term
| Emergency Response systems |
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Definition
Medicare records, 911 services
disease registers systems |
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Term
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Definition
| scrutiny over space and time |
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Term
| Through surveillance, a picture of disease activity is developed like |
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Definition
Geographic distribution of disease
Patterns, clustering and hot spots |
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Term
| GIS can provide ______ _______ and __________ |
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Definition
| data management and visualization |
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Term
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Definition
| infrastructure and data update |
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Term
| GIS has great potential in what three things |
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Definition
Epidemiological research
Communicable disease control
Health service planning and optimization |
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Term
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Definition
Communication Gaps between epidemiologists & spatial professionals
Require uniform data standards
Privacy issues and spatial aggregation |
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Term
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Definition
Unit record data access
Consistent and meaningful areal units
Enable consistency & comparison |
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Term
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Definition
| Gap between current health status and an ideal situation in which everyone lives to old age free of disease and disability. |
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Term
| Gap between current health status and an ideal situation in which everyone lives to old age free of disease and disability. |
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Definition
Increasing premature mortality & morbidity rates
Disability
Exposure to certain risk factors that contribute to illness |
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Term
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Definition
| Includes public health, international affairs, management, law, and economics and focuses on negotiations that shape and manage the global policy environment for health |
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Term
| The relationship between ____, ____ ____ and _____ is at the cutting edge of global health diplomacy |
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Definition
| health, foriegn policy, and trade |
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Term
| Two goals of Global Health Diplomacy |
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Definition
To support the development of a more systematic and proactive approach to identify and understand key current and future changes impacting global public health.
To build capacity among Member States to support the necessary collective action to take advantage of opportunities and mitigate the risks for health. |
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Term
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Definition
| A geographical region where a particular disease is prevalent |
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Term
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Definition
| Affecting or tending to affect a disproportionately large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time. |
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Term
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Definition
| the incidence rate of a certain disease substantially exceeds what is "expected," based on recent experience. |
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Term
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Definition
| new cases in a given human population, during a given period |
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Term
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Definition
| Epidemic of an infectious disease that spreads through human populations across a large region, such as a continent. |
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Term
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Definition
| An infectious disease whose incidence has increased in the past 20 years and threatens to increase in the near future |
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Term
| Reasons for Emerging Infections |
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Definition
Microbial adaption (strains, antibiotic resistance)
Changing human susceptibility (immunocompromised)
Climate & weather change (insect vectors & humid conditions)
Changing human demographics & trade
Economic development
Breakdown of public health (Haiti—poor sanitation)
War & famine
Bioterrorism (2001 Anthrax attacks) |
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Term
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Definition
| Stigma, poverty, and discrimination often affect the transmission and outcome of diseases |
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Term
| Three examples of social diseases |
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Definition
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