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Definition
Conclusions about the population are inferred from the information obtained about the sample
Generalizations from the sample to the population
Extrapolate findings from sample to population |
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Definition
| Uses sample data to calculate a single number (statistic) to estimate the parameter of interest (for example a mean) |
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| Point estimate does not include |
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Definition
| information about the variability between samples (uncertainty) |
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Definition
Provides a range of reasonable values that are intended to include the parameter of interest
Establishes degree of confidence |
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Definition
The range of values used in an interval estimation
Influenced by the standard deviation and sample size |
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| From the mean and standard deviation of a sample, we can predict the |
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Definition
| intervals within which 68, 95 and 99% of our cases would be expected to fall |
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Term
| Acceptance or rejection of a hypothesis is based upon a |
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Definition
| level of significance (alpha level) |
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Definition
| Rejection of a null hypothesis when it in fact is true |
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| What determines the probability of type 1 error? |
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Definition
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Definition
| If the null hypothesis is accepted when in fact it is false |
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Term
| Five tests of parametric data |
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Definition
Pearson correlation
Independent Sample t-test
Dependent Sample t-test
One-way ANOVA
Correlated F ratio |
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Term
| Five tests of non-parametric data |
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Definition
Spearman’s r
Chi-Square test
Mann-Whitney U test
Kruskal-Wallis test
Wilcoxon Signed test |
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Term
| Independent Sample t-test |
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Definition
| Used to compare the average (MEAN) in one group with the average in another group |
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Term
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Definition
Compare the average for measurements made twice within the same person BEFORE and AFTER
Used to compare a treatment group AND a matched control group |
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Definition
| Used to compare more than two means from independent groups |
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Term
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Definition
Used in causal comparative studies
Data are in frequency counts
Compares observed and expected (theoretical) frequencies
Typically used in a 2 X 2 table
Chi square = sum [(observed-expected)^2/expected] |
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Definition
| Non-parametric equivalent of independent t-test |
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| Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test |
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Definition
| Nonparametric equivalent of the paired t-test |
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Definition
| Non-parametric equivalent of One-way ANOVA |
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Term
| Three types of regression |
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Definition
Simple linear regression
logistic regression
Multiple regression |
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Definition
| Used to assess how one continuous variable can be used to predict a second continuous outcome variable |
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Definition
| Used to assess the predictive value of one or more variables on an outcome that is dichotomous |
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Term
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Definition
A multivariate technique that determines the correlation between a criterion variable (dependent variable) and a combination of two or more predictor variables (independent variables)
An extension of simple linear regression to investigate the relationships among a number of different variables |
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