Term
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Definition
| the body is in a state of maintenance |
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Term
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Definition
| sense and interacts with the outside world |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Primary neurotransmitters are (4) |
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Definition
| acetocholine, dopamine, lutemine, seratonin |
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Term
| Five parts for homeostasis |
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Definition
Temperature
Acidity
Water content
Sodium content
Glucose concentrations |
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Term
| Nerve cells are also called |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Analyze and transmit information |
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Term
| Over _____ billion neurons in system |
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Definition
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Term
| Four defined regions of the neuron |
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Definition
Cell body
Dendrites
Axon
Presynaptic terminals |
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Term
| Stimulation of receptors by psychoactive drugs can _____ or ____ a neuron |
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Definition
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Term
| Six things that glial cells do |
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Definition
Provide firmness and structure to the brain
Get nutrients into the system
Eliminate waste
Form myelin
Create the blood-brain barrier
Communicate with other glia & neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| a brief electrical signal transmitted along the axon |
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Term
| Neurotransmitters are the “________” |
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Definition
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Term
| Resting action potential is caused by |
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Definition
| uneven distribution of ions |
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Term
| Action potential occurs when |
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Definition
| sodium ions move across channels |
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Term
| Blocking channels prevents the ____ _______ and disrupts _____ _____ _____ |
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Definition
| action potential, communication between neurons |
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Term
|
Definition
Sensory information
Voluntary actions |
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Term
| Automatic nervous system has what two branches |
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Definition
Sympathetic branch
Parasympathetic branch |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The somatic nervous system carries what two things and controls what one thing? |
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Definition
Carries sensory information into the central nervous system
Carries motor (movement) information back out to the peripheral nerves
Controls voluntary actions |
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Term
| The neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions |
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Definition
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Term
| Automatic nervous system monitors and controls |
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Definition
| the body’s internal environment and involuntary functions |
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Term
| Many psychoactive drugs affect the _____ and the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Two branches of ANS often act in ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Three functions of the CNS |
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Definition
Integration of information
Learning and memory
Coordination of activity |
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Term
|
Definition
| basal ganglia and other regions |
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Term
| What dopamine pathway is related to muscle rigidity |
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Definition
| Nigrostriatal dopamine pathway |
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Term
Which dopamine pathway...
Related to psychotic behavior
Possible component of the “reward” properties of drugs |
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Definition
| Mesolimbic dopamine pathway |
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Term
| Acetylcholine is found in |
|
Definition
| cerebral cortex & basal ganglia |
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Term
| Acetylcholine is involved in what three things |
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Definition
| Alzheimer’s disease, learning, memory storage |
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Term
|
Definition
| level of arousal and attentiveness |
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Term
| Norepinephrine may play a role in |
|
Definition
| initiation of food intake (appetite) |
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Term
| Serotonin can be found in |
|
Definition
| the brain stem raphe nuclei |
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Term
| serotonin may play a role in (5) |
|
Definition
| impulsivity, aggression, depression, control of food, and alcohol intake |
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Term
| Hallucinogenic drugs influence _____ pathways |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| in most regions of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inhibitory neurotransmitter |
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Term
|
Definition
| most regions of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excitatory neurotransmitter |
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Term
|
Definition
| Opioid-like chemical occurring naturally in the brain |
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Term
| Endorphins play a role in |
|
Definition
| pain relief, other functions |
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Term
| THC like neurotransmittter |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What two general things do drugs do |
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Definition
Alter neurotransmitter availability
Interfere with reuptake |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Occupy neurotransmitter and prevent its activation |
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Term
| chemical theories of behavior |
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Definition
| Attempts to explain normal variations in behavior in terms of changes in brain chemistry |
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Term
| Greek physician Hippocrates |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| No single biochemical theory of drug dependence has |
|
Definition
| achieved sufficient experimental support |
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Term
|
Definition
| mood—too little activity in monoamine systems can cause depression, too much can cause mania |
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Term
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Definition
| doesn’t necessarily cause holes in the brain. However, floods brain with serotonin. When they would come down there was nothing to regulate their mood and people become suicidal. |
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Definition
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