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HSF Muscles
Everything you never wanted to learn
40
Health Care
3rd Grade
06/30/2012

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Term
Deep Intrinsic Back Muscles
Definition
Erector Spinae (spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis)
Transversospinalis (multifidus, semispinalis, rotatores)
interspinal intertraverse (interspinales, intertransversarii)
dorsal rami
Term
Spinalis
Definition
deep intrinsic back muscle - erector spinae - medial; spinous process below to spinous process above
trunk extension, lateral flexion
Term
longissimus
Definition
deep intrinsic - erector spinae - middle; longest skeletal muscle
from ileum to transverse processes and ribs
extension, lateral flexion
Term
iliocostalis
Definition
from sacrum and ileum and insert onto ribs
deep intrinsic back muscle - erector spinae - lateral
extension, lateral flexion
Term
Erector Spinae Function
Definition
most superficial
bilateral trunk extension
unilateral, lateral flexion
Term
Transversospinalis
Definition
deeper than erector spinae
between transverse and spinous processes
multifidus, semispinalis, rotatores
extension and unilateral rotate to opposite side
Term
multifidus
Definition
deep intrinsic back muscle -transversospinalis
most superficial
from sacrum upward to spinal processes
Term
semispinalis
Definition
well developed at base of skull
deep intrinsic back muscle - transversospinalis - middle
Term
rotatores
Definition
deepest transversospinalis muscle - deep intrinsic back muscle
only span a level or two
Term
intermediate extrinsic back muscles
Definition
serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior, levator costae
rhomboid major and minor
ventral rami from hypaxial myotomes
Term
serratus posterior superior
Definition
intermediate extrinsic back muscle
accessory respiratory muscle
intercostal nerves
deep to rhomboids
Term
serratus posterior inferior
Definition
intermediate extrinsic back muscle
accessory respiratory muscles
intercostal nerves
Term
levatore costae
Definition
intermediate extrinsic back muscle
accessory respiratory muscle
intercostal nerves
Term
rhomboid major and minor
Definition
intermediate extrinsic back muscle
upper limb muscle
dorsal scapular nerve
C5
superficial to serratus posterior
spinous processes of lower neck and upper thorax to vertebral border of the scapula
major lies inferior to minor
Term
superficial extrinsic back muscles
Definition
ventral rami or accessory nerve
trapezius and latissimus dorsi
Term
trapezius
Definition
superficial extrinsic back muscle
upper limb and neck muscle
accessory nerve (CN11)
originates from skull and nuchal ligament and spinous processes
attaches to clavicle and scapula
Term
latissimus dors
Definition
upper limb muscle
long thoracic nerve (C5-7)
superficial extrinsic back muscle
originates from thoracolumbar fascia and inserts on humerus
Term
Extrinsic shoulder muscles
Definition
superficial: trap, lat dorsi
deep: rhomboids, levator scapulae
Term
intrinsic muscles
Definition
rotator cuff: supraspinatus, subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor
deltoid, teres major
Term
supraspinatus
Definition
intrinsic - rc

• O: supraspinus fossa
• I: greater tubercle
• A: shoulder abduction
• N: suprascapular nerve
• Passes superior to joint
Term
infraspinatus
Definition
intrinsic, rc

• O: infraspinus fossa
• I: posterior greater tubercle
• A: external rotation
• N: suprascapular nerve
• Posterior to joint
Term
subscapularis
Definition
intrinsic rc

• O: subscapular fossa
• I: lesser tubercle
• A: internal rotation
• N: upper subscapular and lower subscapular nerves
Term
teres minor
Definition
intrinsic, rc

• O: axillary border of scapula
• I: lower greater tubercle
• A: external rotation
• N: axillary nerve
Term
deltoid
Definition
intrinsic

• O:
• Anterior – lateral clavicle
• Middle – acromion process
• Posterior – spinus process
• I: deltoid tuberosity
• A:
• Anterior – shoulder flexion
• Lateral – abduction
• Posterior – extension
• N: axillary nerve
Term
teres major
Definition
intrinsic

• O: inferior scapula
• I: intertubercular sulcus
• A: adductior, medial rotation, extension
• N: lower subscapular nerve
Term
pectoralis major
Definition
• O: medial clavicle, sternocostal head
• I: intertubercular sulcus
• A: horizontal flexion
• Clavicular head – flexion
• Sternocostal head – extension from flexed position
• N: lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Term
pectoralis minor
Definition
• O: ribs 3-5
• I: coracoid process of scapula
• A: depression of scapula, deeper breathing
• N: medial pectoral nerve
Term
serratus anterior
Definition
o Ribs 1-8
o I: vertebral border of scapula
o A: protraction of scapula; rotation of scapula upward
o N: long thoracic nerve
Term
anterior compartment of arm
Definition
flexion, musculocutaneous nerve
biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobracialis
Term
biceps brachii
Definition
o Biceps Brachii
• O:
• Short head: coracoid process of scapula
• Long head: supraglenoid tuberosity
• I: radial tuberosity
• Bicipital aponeurosis blends with deep fascia of forearm
• A: flexes forearm, shoulder flexion, supination
o Brachialis (deep to biceps)
N: musculocutaneous nerve
Term
brachialis
Definition
deep to biceps

• O: anterior midshaft of humerus
• I: ulna tuberosity/coranoid process
• A: most powerful elbow flexor
N: musculocutaneous nerve
Term
coracobrachialis
Definition
• O: coracoid process
• I: medial midshaft humerus
• A: flexion of shoulder; adduction of shoulder; resists downward dislocation
N: musculocutaneous n
Term
posterior compartment of arm
Definition
extension radial nerve
triceps brachii, anconeus
Term
triceps brachii
Definition
• O:
• Long head: infraglenoid process of scapula
• Lateral head: above radial groove
• Medial head: below radial groove
• I: olecranon process
• A: extension of elbow; long head: arm extension
N: radial
Term
anconeus
Definition
• O: lateral epicondyle
• I: posterior superior ulna
• A: extension of elbow
N: radial
Term
trunk muscles across scapulothoracic joint
Definition
trap, rhomboids, leavtor scapulae, serratus anterior, pectoralis minor, subclavius
Term
major abductors of arm
Definition
supraspinatus, lateral deltoid, upper subscapularis
Term
major flexors of arm
Definition
biceps brachii, ant deltoid, pec major (clavicular head), coracobrachialis
Term
major extensors of arm
Definition
lat dorsi, post deltoid, pec major (sternocostal head), triceps brachii (long head), teres major
Term
major adductors of arm
Definition
teres major, lat dorsi, pec major, coracobrachialis, teres minor
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