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HRM 2
chapter 2 vocab and objectives
39
Business
Professional
08/29/2009

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Term
Name the equal employment opportunity laws
Definition
Civil rights act of 1964 and 1991, the pregnancy discrimination act of 1978, the immigration reform and control act of 1967 and the americans w/disabilities act of 1990
Term
what is the difference btwn the EEO laws and what are the protected classes they cover
Definition
the laws differe from one another primarily in terms of the specific protected classification covered. in all, the following classifications afre protected from, discrimination: race, color, sex, religion, national origin, age (40 and above) and disability
Term
2 forms of the legal definition of discrimination
Definition
disparate treatment (intentional discrimination) and disparate impact (unintentional discrimination)
Term
what must the plantiff establish if using EEO law in court
Definition
plaintiff must establish prima facie case, the defendant must then rebut it
Term
What is the purpose of AA programs
Definition
seek to eliminate discrimination by setting "color-conscious" initiatives. AA programs are sometimes legally required, but usually implemented on a voluntary basis
Term
what are the 2 steps of AA programs
Definition
utilization analysis and action planning
Term
what do AA programs sometimes grant
Definition
individuals preferential treatment. this practice is legal if engaged in as part of a bona fide affirmative action program
Term
describe the impact of cultural diversity on organizations and how it may be successfully managed
Definition
- the workforce is becoming older and more culturally diverse

- management initiatives include diversity training, steps taken to break the glass ceiling and meet the needs of older workers and implementation of work and family programs
Term
what is the changing nature of work and how does it impact HRM practices
Definition
technological advances and a shift in the type of work being performed have created a need for a new set of worker skills

- these trends signal a need for training programs (literacy training)
Term
what impact has the occurrence of mergers and takeovers had on HRM practices
Definition
can lower employee loyalty and morale and increase voluntary turnover rates and the number of organizational conflicts
Term
causes of downsizing
Definition
organizational decline, technological advances, and organizational restructuring
Term
pitfalls of downsizing
Definition
often fail to achieve economic goals and may weaken employee morale
Term
what should firms do to manage downsizing efforts
Definition
-consider alternative to layoffs
- when emplementing layoffs, they should attempt to reestablish employee morale and try to help employees who have lost their jobs
Term
affermative action
Definition
an approach to emiminating employment discrimination by taking proactive initiatives to ensure proper minority group representation w/in an organization
Term
affermative action plan (AAP)
Definition
written statement that specifies how the organization plans to increase the utilization of targeted groups
Term
age discrimination in employment act (ADEA)
Definition
a lwa that protects "older workers" from age discrimination in the workplace.
Term
americans w/disabilities act (ADA)
Definition
a 1990 law that prohibits employment discrimination based on a person's disability
Term
BFPQ defenses
Definition
wehn using a BFOQ defense, the employer argues that it pruposely discriminated against all members of a protected group b/c they lack the bona fide occupational qualifications for the position in question
Term
civil rights act of 1964
Definition
a law that prohibits employment based on race, color, sex, religion and national orgin
Term
civil rights act of 1991
Definition
an amendment to the CRA of 1964. Its passage made discrimination claims less difficult for employees to substantiate
Term
disparate impact
Definition
a form of employment discrimination in which an employment practice tha tis not job related has unequal consequences for ppl of different protected groups (unintentional discrimination)
Term
disparate treatment
Definition
a form of employment discrimination in which employers treat ppl unfairly b/c of their membership in a protected group (intentional discrimination)
Term
downsizing
Definition
a management action taked to drastically reduce size of a company's workforce
Term
equal employment opportunity (EEO)
Definition
providing equal treatmetn to all applicants and employees regardless of their race, color, sex, relition, national orgin, age or disability
Term
flextime
Definition
a nontraditional work arrangement in which work hours are flexible in that workers must put in their eight hours, but can choose their starting and ending times
Term
four-fiths rule
Definition
a test used by the courts to assess the merits of a prima facia case of disparate impact. it is calculated by comparing the passing rate of the "disadvantaged" protected group w/the rate of the "advantaged" group
Term
glass ceiling
Definition
an invisable, yet very rea, barrier found in the structure of many organizations that has stymied the advancement of women and other protected groups
Term
immigration reform and control act (IRCA)
Definition
a law that prohibits discrimination based on national origin and citizenship
Term
job sharing
Definition
form of alternate work scheduling in which a full-time job is shared by 2 ppl
Term
McDonnell-Douglas test
Definition
a test used by the courts to assess the merits of prima facia case of disparate treatemtn when "smoking gun" evidence is lacking
Term
mixed motive cases
Definition
form of employment discrimination which an employer bases an employment decision partly on a legitimate motive and partly on a discriminatory one
Term
organizational restructuring
Definition
when a firm modifies its structure to become less hierarchial by cutting out the "layer" of middle management
Term
preferential treatment
Definition
giving members of underutilized groups some advantage over others in the employment process
Term
pregnancy discrimination act (PDA)
Definition
a law stating that firms may not discriminate against employees on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions
Term
prima facie case
Definition
established at trial when a complainant has been able to demonstrate the merits of his or her case sufficiently enough for the courts to agree to look into the matter further
Term
protected classification
Definition
categories of ppl who are legally protected from discrimination in the workplace
Term
protected groups
Definition
subcategories of ppl w/in each protected classification (male/female)
Term
telecommuting
Definition
nontraditional work arrangement in which employees work at home
Term
utilization analysis
Definition
statistical procedure used for setting affirmative action goals. it compares the percentage of each protected group for each job category w/in the organization to that in the available labor market
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