Term
|
Definition
| breakdown of food into tiny particles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transfer of nutrients into circulation |
|
|
Term
| Where does absorption primariliy take place |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| undigested waste material is eliminated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gingivitis progresses to supporting bone around gum |
|
|
Term
| Where is the soft palate? |
|
Definition
| upper posterior roof of mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft, fleshy v-shaped mass hanging from palate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leaf-shaped cartilage that covers llarynx when swallowing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscular tube that moves food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement of food down the GI tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sphincter juncture in which stomach and esophagus meet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| weakness in diaphragm causes organs to protrude through hiatus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gastroesophageal reflux disease "acid reflux" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dialated veins in lower esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-esophageal sphincter (hiatus)
-pyloric (duodenum) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-stores food and liquid
-secretes gastric juice |
|
|
Term
| gastric juices that stomach secretes |
|
Definition
-hydrochloric acid
-pepsin |
|
|
Term
Hydrochloric acid
function |
|
Definition
| acid that breaks down protein/destroys foreign organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dormant protein digesting enzyme activated only when hcl is produced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ulcer in upper portion of small intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infants (usually boys) have obstruction of the pyloric sphincter |
|
|
Term
Pyloric stenosis
treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
small intestine
3 portions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
small intestine
functions (3) |
|
Definition
-secrete mucous
-secrete enzymes
-absorb digested food |
|
|
Term
large intestine
parts (4) |
|
Definition
| cecum, colon, rectum, anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-reabsorbs water
-form feces from waste products
-eliminate through rectum (defecation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-inflammation of the appendix
-caused by infection or obstruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hardened pieces of fecal matter (obstruction that frequently causes appendicitis) |
|
|
Term
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Sx |
|
Definition
| pain, diarrhea, weight loss, rectal bleeding |
|
|
Term
inflammatory bowel disease
most frequent |
|
Definition
| mainly occurs in adolescents/young adults |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-inflammation of the distal small intestine
-autoimmune |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-inflammation/ulceration of colon
-usually includes rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-usually in young-middle-aged women
-pain constipation or diarrhea
-not life threatening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small pouches forming in the wall of the intestine and colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of waste/bacteria |
|
|
Term
diverticulitis
definition/treatment |
|
Definition
-infection of diverticula
-treated with diet, stool softeners, drugs, but NO CURE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2 lobes
largest glandular organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-stores glycogen
-produces plasma proteins
-modifies fates to be used
-manufactures bile
-destroys old RBCs and eliminates bilirubin
-detoxification |
|
|
Term
| how liver stores glycogen |
|
Definition
| when the blood sugar level falls below normal, liver cells convert glycogen to glucose, which is released into the blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Hep A, B, C
-cirrhosis
-cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-muscular sac
-anterior surface of the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-stores, releases bile
-flows from liver through cyctic duct to duodenum when needed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the gallbladder |
|
|
Term
cholecystitis
risk factors |
|
Definition
| over 40, female, overweight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| laparoscopic cholecystectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gland that extends from duodenum to spleen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| produces insulin and glucagon to regulate sugar metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-pancreatitis (silent killer)
-cancer
-diabetes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-speed up rate of chemical reactions
-are not changed or used up in reactions
-proteins
-highly specific in their actions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-chews food, mixes with saliva (bolus)
-enzymes change some starches to sugars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -food is lubricated with mucus and moved into stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-secretes hydrochloric acid, enzymes
-secretes mucous
-forms chyme
-begins digestion of proteins (HCl activates pepsin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| highly acidic semiliquid mixture of gastric juice and food |
|
|
Term
small intestine
digestion step |
|
Definition
-mixes chyme with bile
-recieves pancreatic juice enzymes
-produces enzymes
-emulsifies fats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-chronic loss of appetite
-psychological disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eat large quantities of food, then induce vomiting/take laxatives to prevent absorption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-nausea
-vomiting
-esophagitis
-flatulence
-constipation
-diarrhea
-bleeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
-colonoscopy
-flexSid
-laparoscope |
|
|
