Term
Different causes of cancer
4 |
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Definition
-Genetic
-Viral
-Chamical
-Radiation |
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Term
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Definition
-Chronic Myelocitic cancer (CML)
-Breast Cancer |
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Term
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Definition
-cervical cancer (HPV)
-liver cancer (Hepatitis) |
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Term
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Definition
-Lung cancer (smoking)
-head/neck,esophageal, (asbestos) |
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Term
Radiation cancers
examples |
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Definition
-skin cancer
-Leukemia, lymphoma, thyroid cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| probability over a lifetime that an individual will get cancer |
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Term
Lifetime risk
men, lung cancer |
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Definition
| 1 in 13 men will get lung cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| measure the relationship between a risk factor and a particular cancer |
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Term
Male smokers
relative risk |
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Definition
| Male smokers have 20x relative risk of lung cancer |
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Term
women and breast cancer
relative risk |
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Definition
| women with 1st degree relative wih breast cancer hav 2x relative risk of developing breast cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| how far the cancer is advanced |
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Term
| How staging is determined |
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Definition
-extent or spread of disease from site of origin
-TNM |
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Term
In situ
definition and example |
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Definition
-finding abnormal cells
-using a pap smear, cervical cancer ONLY in situ currently available |
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Term
Invasive
definition and example |
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Definition
-cancer cells spread beyond the original layer
-any cancer NOT detected using a pap |
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Term
TNM staging
acromyn breakdown |
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Definition
-Tumor size
-Node involvement (presence/absence of regional lymph node involvement
-Metastases progression/absence |
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Term
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Definition
| essential in determining choice of therapy and assessing prognosis |
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Term
Stage 0
definition and example |
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Definition
-in situ
-only cancer currently being detected this way is cervical |
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Term
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Definition
-most severe prognosis
-worst survival rate |
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Term
5-year survival rate
definition |
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Definition
% of people still alive 5 years after dianosis (considers secondary illnesses, outlying conditions)
-patients may be disease free, in remission, or undergoing treatment |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Men cancer rates (new cases per 100,000) |
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Definition
-prostate - 156
-lung - 75.2
-colon - 55 |
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Term
| Women cancer rates (new cases per 100,000) |
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Definition
-breast - 124
-lung - 52.3
-colon - 41 |
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Term
Treatments
Primary/adjunctive
examples |
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Definition
-surgey - removal
-chemo - used with radiation
-radiation-localized (good for Stage 1) |
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Term
Treatments
palliative
examples |
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Definition
-disease has advanced too far
-not curable
-pain management, focuses on comfort |
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Term
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Definition
-more common in women, but men are susceptible
-most frequently diagnosed cancer for women |
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Term
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Definition
-genetics (BRCA 1/2)
-increased estrogen
-early onset menses,
-obesity,
-hormone replacement therapy |
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Term
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Definition
-early detection through mammogram
-breast self-examination |
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Term
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Definition
lump
nipple retraction/discharge
dimpling of skin
pain |
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Term
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Definition
| leading cause of new cases of cancer in men |
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Term
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Definition
-all men
-higher in African-American men
-Age- if you live longer, you'll get it
-genetics |
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Term
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Definition
-digital rectal exam
-PSA - prostate specific antiget |
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Term
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Definition
-has many false positives
-all men over 50 should have annual PSA
-false elevation b/c BPH, smoking, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
-usually none in early stages
-blood in urine
-obstruction to urinary flow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-leading cause of cance death overall
-cases in men are decreasing
-cases in women are increasing |
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Term
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Definition
-smoking
-radon, asbestos, radiation |
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Term
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Definition
-chest x-ray
-bronchoscopy
-sputum cytology |
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Term
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Definition
-persistent cough
-Sputum streaked with blood
-chest pain |
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Term
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Definition
-surgery-pneumonectomy
-radiation
-chemotherapy |
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Term
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Definition
| -3rd leading cause of cancer deaths |
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Term
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Definition
-over 50
-family history
-pre-existing colon disease (ulcerative colitis)
-colon polyps |
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Term
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Definition
-stool test for occult (hidden) blood
-colonoscopy |
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Term
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Definition
-blood in stool
-change in bowel habit
-weight loss |
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Term
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Definition
-surgery (curative or palliative)
-chemotherapy |
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Term
Cervical cancer
-cause
-diagnosis
-symptoms
-treatment |
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Definition
-HPV
-Pap smear
-abnormal vaginal bleeding
-surgery |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-abdominal/pelvic pain
-abnorml vaginal bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
-surgery/chemo
-poor prognosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Testicular cancer
symptoms |
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Definition
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Term
Testicular cancer
diagnosis |
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Definition
-self-exam
-routine physical |
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Term
Testicular cancer
treatment
prognosis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-caucasion
-sun exposure
-genetics |
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Term
Skin cancer
non-melamona type |
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Definition
-squamous cell,basal cell
-skin lesion that does not heal
-sunexposed areas higher risk |
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Term
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Definition
| -mole that changes in size/shape |
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Term
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Definition
-Asymmetry
-Border
-Color
-Diameter |
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Term
Skin cancer
Treatment - non-melanoma
prognosis |
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Definition
-surgery
-excellent prognosis |
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Term
Skin cancer
Treatment - melanoma
prognosis |
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Definition
-surgery/chemo
-good is lesion is small, non-invasive |
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Term
|
Definition
ALL-high survival
AML-less common |
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Term
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Definition
CLL-high survival
CML-less common |
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