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| (Latin, 'verse') A type of Latin sacred song, either MONOPHONIC or POLYPHONIC, setting a rhymed, rhythmic poem. |
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| A serious medieval song, MONOPHONIC or POLYPHONIC, setting a rhymed, rhythmic Latin poem. |
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| Medieval Latin songs associated with the goliards, who were wandering students and clerics. |
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| (French, 'song of deeds') Type of medieval French epic recounting the deeds of national heroes, sung to MELODIC formulas. |
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| Medieval poet-singer, especially of epics. |
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| (French) Itinerant medieval musician or street entertainer. |
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| (from Latin minister, 'servant') Thirteenth-century traveling musician, some of whom were also employed at a court or city. |
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| (from Occitan trobar, 'to compose a song') A poet-composer of southern France who wrote MONOPHONIC songs in Occitan (langue d'oc) in the twelfth or thirteenth century. |
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| (from Occitan trobar, 'to compose a song') A female TROUBADOUR. |
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| (from Old French trover, 'to compose a song') A poet-composer of northern France who wrote MONOPHONIC songs in Old French (langue d'oil) in the twelfth or thirteenth century. |
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| (French, 'songbook') Manuscript collection of secular songs with French words; used both for collections of MONOPHONIC TROUBADOUR and TROUVeRE songs and for collections of POLYPHONIC songs. |
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| In a song, a recurring line (or lines) of text, usually set to a recurring MELODY. |
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| (French, 'refined love'; pronounced FEEN ah-MOOR; fin' amors in Occitan; also called courtly love) An idealized love for an unattainable woman who is admired from a distance. Chief subject of the TROUBADOURS and TROUVeRES. |
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| (French, 'refined love'; pronounced FEEN ah-MOOR; fin' amors in Occitan; also called courtly love) An idealized love for an unattainable woman who is admired from a distance. Chief subject of the TROUBADOURS and TROUVeRES. |
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| (pl. rondeaux) (1) French FORME FIXE with a single stanza and the musical FORM ABaAabAB, with capital letters indicating lines of REFRAIN and lowercase letters indicating new text set to music from the refrain. (2) FORM in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century instrumental music in which a repeated STRAIN alternates with other strains, as in the pattern AABACA. |
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| (German, 'singer of love'; also pl.) A poet-composer of medieval Germany who wrote MONOPHONIC songs, particularly about love, in Middle High German. |
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| (German, 'love songs') Songs of the MINNESINGER. |
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| Song FORM in which the first section of MELODY is sung twice with different texts (the two STOLLEN) and the remainder (the ABGESANG) is sung once. |
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| Song FORM in which the first section of MELODY is sung twice with different texts (the two STOLLEN) and the remainder (the ABGESANG) is sung once. |
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| (pronounced AHP-ge-zong) Song FORM in which the first section of MELODY is sung twice with different texts (the two STOLLEN) and the remainder (the ABGESANG) is sung once. |
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| (from Latin laudare, 'to praise') Italian devotional song. |
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| Medieval MONOPHONIC song in Spanish or Portuguese. |
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| Medieval bowed string instrument, early form of the fiddle and predecessor of the VIOLIN and VIOL. |
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| An instrument with MELODY and DRONE strings, bowed by a rotating wheel turned with a crank, with levers worked by a keyboard to change the pitch on the melody string(s). |
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| A plucked string instrument whose strings are attached to a frame over a wooden sounding board. |
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| Flute blown across a hole in the side of the pipe and held to one side of the player; used for medieval, RENAISSANCE, and BAROQUE forms of the flute to distinguish it from the RECORDER, which is blown in one end and held in front. |
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| Double reed instrument, similar to the oboe, used in the medieval, RENAISSANCE, and BAROQUE PERIODS. |
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| Two instruments played by one player, respectively a high whistle fingered with one hand and a small drum beaten with a stick or mallet. |
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| Medieval or RENAISSANCE organ small enough to be carried, played by one hand while the other worked the bellows. |
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| Organ from the medieval through BAROQUE PERIODS that was small enough to be moved, usually placed on a table. |
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| Medieval circle or line dance, or the MONOPHONIC song that accompanied it. |
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| Medieval instrumental DANCE that features a series of sections, each played twice with two different endings, OUVERT and CLOS. |
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| (French, ouvert and clos) In an ESTAMPIE, BALLADE, or other medieval form, two different endings for a repeated section. The first ('open') closes on a pitch other than the FINAL, and the second ('closed') ends with a full CADENCE on the final. |
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Definition
| (French, ouvert and clos) In an ESTAMPIE, BALLADE, or other medieval form, two different endings for a repeated section. The first ('open') closes on a pitch other than the FINAL, and the second ('closed') ends with a full CADENCE on the final. |
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