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hosa competition
medical terms
115
Medical
10th Grade
12/04/2007

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Term
anuria
Definition
when the kidneys are unable to make urine
Term
nephrolithiasis
Definition
to have kidney stones
Term
incontinence
Definition
is when someone cannot control when they have to go to the bathroom.
Term
ureterorragia
Definition
bleeding from the ureter
Term
oliguria
Definition
small, insignificant amount of urine is produced
Term
lithotomy
Definition
incision make in orker to remove a bladder stone
Term
catheterization
Definition
inserting a tube in the urethra to withdraw urine
Term
urologist
Definition
physician specializing in the urinary system
Term
diabetic nephropathy
Definition
causes high protein levels in the urine and hardening of the filtration system in the kidney
Term
uremia
Definition
extremely high level of urea in her blood
Term
cystictomy
Definition
surgical removal of all or part of the bladder
Term
nephrologist
Definition
doctor that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disorders
Term
hyperprotinuria
Definition
a case of a high level of protein in the urine
Term
cystocele
Definition
a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall
Term
dysuria
Definition
pain when urinating, due to a urinary tract infection
Term
diuretics
Definition
medication to help excrete excess fluid from the body
Term
ureterectomy
Definition
removal of the ureters
Term
ureteroplasy
Definition
repair of the ureters
Term
cystopexy
Definition
attaching the bladder to the abdominal wall
Term
urinary incontinence
Definition
can not control your bladder when you need to urinate
Term
urethtopexy
Definition
a surgically fix on the urethra to treat urinary incontinence
Term
hydronephrosis
Definition
fluid remained backed up in the kidneys causing them to swell
Term
ureterostenosis
Definition
abnormal band of tissue from scar tissue narrowing the ureters
Term
diuretics
Definition
having a machine remove the waste and toxins from the bloodstream
Term
urethrostomy
Definition
surgically created opening made in the urethra
Term
end-stage renal disease
Definition
irreversible loss of kidney function of both kidneys
Term
renal failure
Definition
temperary or permanent damage to one or both kidneys
Term
nephroptosis
Definition
occurs when the kidneys drop out of their normal position
Term
cystorrhaphy
Definition
sutures placed in the bladder
Term
polyuria
Definition
symptoms of frequent urination from people with diabetes
Term
xerostomia
Definition
dry mouth
Term
gastritis
Definition
inflammation of the stomach lining
Term
dyspepsia
Definition
painful or uncomfortable digestion
Term
anorexia
Definition
a loss of appetite for food, such as with cancer patients
Term
hepatitis
Definition
means inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a virus
Term
Cirrhosis
Definition
displays symptoms such as jaundice, ascites, and liver failure. It usually results when scar tissue forms in the liver.
Term
hyperemesis
Definition
may lead to dehydration, due to extreme vomiting.
Term
colorectal carcinoma
Definition
a common form of cancer that may first be found in the form of a polyp in the colon.
Term
ascites
Definition
an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Term
cholelithiasis
Definition
if someone has gallstones in the gallbladder
Term
gastroenterologist
Definition
is a physician specializing in disorders of the stomach and intestines.
Term
gastroenteritis
Definition
when someone has a bad case of diarrhea and it is due to inflammation in the stomach and intestines would be diagnosed with this.
Term
anorexia nervosa
Definition
an intense fear of gaining weight, resulting in severe weight loss.
Term
gastroesophageal reflux disease
Definition
a reflux of stomach acids into the esophagus,commonly called GERD
Term
Dysphagia
Definition
known as difficulty swallowing.
Term
proctologist
Definition
a physician specializing in disorders of the rectum, colon, and anus
Term
hiatal hernia
Definition
referring to a protusion of part of the stomach above the diaphragm
Term
ulcerative colitis
Definition
a condition of unknown cause, results in ulcers formed due to
Term
diverticulitis
Definition
disease which refers to having pouches or sacs in the lining of the colon wall
Term
Chrohn's disease
Definition
an autoimmune disorder that usually causes scarring and thickening of the walls of the ileum and colon
Term
hepatomegaly
Definition
medical term for abnormally large liver
Term
hematemesis
Definition
means vomiting up blood
Term
cholecystitis
Definition
an inflammation in the gallbladder, usually due to gallstones
Term
gastrostomy
Definition
you use this when a patient has inability to swallow food and with this you place to provide access to the stomach.
Term
emetic
Definition
medication used to cause vomiting such as in a case of accidental ingestion of a poison
Term
heelspur
Definition
a thickening on the surface of the calcaneus bone that causes severe pain when standing
Term
brady kinesia
Definition
term meaning extreme slowness of movement
Term
myofascial
Definition
term meaning pertaining to muscle tissue and fascia
Term
neuromuscular blocker
Definition
a drug that causes temporary muscle paralysis by blocking the transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles
Term
muscular dystrophy
Definition
a group of inherited muscle disorders that cause muscle weakness, but does not affect the nervous system.
Term
myorrhexis
Definition
term meaning rupture of a muscle.
Term
carpal tunnel release
Definition
is the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome by enlarging the carpal tunnel or cutting the carpal ligament
Term
fascia
Definition
the sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and seperates muscle.
Term
tenorrhapy
Definition
means to suture the end of a tendon to a bone.
Term
anti-inflammatory
Definition
a medication that treats inflammation and pain
Term
anticholinergic drug
Definition
drug acts to control spasmodic activity of the smooth muscles, such as the intestines
Term
polymyositis
Definition
the inflammation of several skeletal muscles at the same time
Term
myocele
Definition
protusion of a muscle through its ruptured sheath
Term
muscle atrophy
Definition
due to lack of exercise this is the experience of muscle weakness and breakdown
Term
myosclerosis
Definition
abnormal hardening of muscle tissue.
Term
fibromyalgia syndrome
Definition
characterized by uncontrollable fatigue and widespread body pain in the muscles, ligaments, and tendons
Term
quadriplegia
Definition
paralysis of all four limbs caused by a spinal cord injury
Term
hemiparesis
Definition
slight paralysis on one side of the body
Term
umbilical hernia
Definition
results from a small part of the intestines protuding through her abdominal muscles
Term
myomalacia
Definition
abnormal softening of a muscle
Term
carpel tunnel
Definition
a narrow, bony passage under the carpal ligament
Term
plantar fascitis
Definition
inflammation of the plantar causing foot or heel pain when walking or running
Term
cardioplegia
Definition
is paralysis of the muscles of the heart
Term
muscle relaxant
Definition
a drug that acts on the central nervous system to relax muscle tone and relieve spasms of skeletal muscles. This drug may also be given to relieve anxiety and tension.
Term
myectomy
Definition
surgical removal of a portion of muscle
Term
fascioplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a fascia
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
muscles are also known as striated and are attached to bones. They are voluntary because we have conscious control over them
Term
myocardial muscle
Definition
musles form the muscular walls of the heart that cause the heartbeat.
Term
visceral muscles
Definition
muscles function to move and contol the flow of fluids and are found in internal organs such as the stomach, intestines, and liver, also known as smooth muscles
Term
sarcopenia
Definition
occurs as people get older, causes a reduction in skeletal muscle mass, but may be improved with a weight training program.
Term
endometrium
Definition
describes the inner layer of the uterus
Term
menarche
Definition
the beginning of the menstrual function that begins during puberty
Term
epididymis
Definition
runs down the length of the testicle and then turns upward toward the body, where it becomes a narrower tube called the vas deferens
Term
perineum
Definition
the region between the vaginal orifice and the anus
Term
ovulation
Definition
the release of a mature egg by the ovary
Term
lactiferous ducts
Definition
structures that carry milk from the mammary glands
Term
scrotum
Definition
the body part that encloses the testicles
Term
premigravida
Definition
term used to describe a woman during her first pregnancy
Term
colostrum
Definition
The fluid secreted by the breast during the first days after giving birth
Term
vulvitis
Definition
The term meaning inflammation of the external female genitalia, known as the vulva
Term
azoospermia
Definition
the total absence of sperm in the semen
Term
nullipara
Definition
a woman who has never borne a viable child
Term
prostate gland
Definition
secretes a thick fluid that aids the motility of the sperm
Term
pyosalpinx
Definition
an accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube
Term
varicocele
Definition
a varicose vein of the testicles
Term
colposcopy
Definition
the direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina using a specialized endoscope know as this
Term
oligomen orchea
Definition
a markedly reduced menstrual flow and abnormally infrequent menstruation
Term
hydrocele
Definition
a hernia filled with fluid in the testicles or the tubes leading from the testicles
Term
colporrhaphy
Definition
the term meaning suturing the vagina
Term
umbilical cord
Definition
the structure that connects the fetus to the placenta
Term
endocervicitis
Definition
the inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the cervix
Term
dysmenorrhea
Definition
is abdominal pain caused by uterine cramps during menstrual period
Term
anorchism
Definition
the congenital absence of one or both testicles
Term
oligospermia
Definition
the term which refers to a low sperm count
Term
hysterosalpingography
Definition
is the use of a radiographic exam to image the uterus and fallopian tubes
Term
prostatectomy
Definition
in this procedure, which was performed through the abdomen, the entire prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and some surrounding tissue were removed
Term
amenorrhea
Definition
when menstrual periods have stopped and you know that you are not pregnant
Term
episiotomy
Definition
to prevent laceration of the tissues during delivery this is performed
Term
leiomyoma
Definition
diagnosed ad with a fibroid, which is a benign tumor derived from the smooth muscle of the uterus
Term
vasectomy
Definition
the sterilization process where portions of the vas deferens are removed
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