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Horse Science Chapter 11, 12, 13,14
Horse Science Chapter 11, 12, 13, 14
59
Agriculture
Undergraduate 1
05/16/2011

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Cards

Term
Stallion semen volume per ejaculate in ml 
Definition
60-100
Term
Sperm per cubic mm
Definition
150-300 million
Term
Total sperm in ejaculate
Definition
5-15 billion
Term
Photoperiod-stallion
Definition
16 hours daylight, 8 hours darknes
Term
Maiden mare
Definition
Never been bred
Term
2 yr. old stallion will breed how many females in a breeding season?
Definition

Hand mating-10

Pasture mating-5

Term
3 yr. old stallion will mate how many females in a breeding season?
Definition

Hand mating-30

Pasture mating-15

Term
4 yr. old stallion will mate how many females in a breeding season?
Definition

Hand mating-35 to 40

Pasture mating-20

Term
5 yr. old stallion will mate how many females in a breeding season?
Definition

Hand mating-40 to 75

Pasture mating-20 to 25

Term
When will a foal absorb antibodies from colostrum?
Definition

First 6-24 hrs.

Mares stop producing colostrum after 48 hrs.

Term
Waxed teats means?
Definition
When drops of sticky, clear, or amber-colored fluid excreted prior to parturition become dried and hard, coating the ends of the teats giving them a waxy appearance.
Term
What is a caslick?
Definition
a suture closing her vulva to prevent infection
Term
Stage 1 of parturition
Definition
The uterus begins to contract, the foal moves into place, and the cervix relaxes, completed when the water breaks
Term
Stage 2 of parturition
Definition
Intense labor contractions that push the foal through the birth canal, complete when foal has been born
Term
Stage 3 of parturition
Definition
Complete when placenta and fetal membranes are expelled
Term
What is a foal heat?
Definition
heat occuring 6-12 days postpartum, conception rate for foal heat is only 40%
Term
What is silent heat?
Definition
Ovulation without external signs of estrous
Term
What is flushing a mare and when should it be performed?
Definition
Flushing is performed 7 or 8 days after insemination or breeding and involves lavaging the microscopic embryo out of the uterus using a special sterile solution.
Term
What is short cycling?
Definition
Using hormones to make a mare come into season early
Term
How do you calculate crude proteing?
Definition
N x 6.25
Term
What is the ratio of calcium to phosphorus?
Definition
2:1
Term
What is roughage?
Definition
Hay or pasture
Term
Compare legume hays to grass hays
Definition

Legume-higher in protein in mineral and are more palatable than grass hays

Grass-yield less per acre and are lower in protein, calcium, and vitamins, but are less likely to be moldy and dusty than legume hays

Term
List signs of good health in a horse
Definition
A shiny, glossy hair coat, growth of hoof at 1/4 to 1/2 inch per month, bright and clear eyes, firm stools, pink mucous membranes
Term
Jimsonweed
Definition

Toxicity ++

Colic, diarrhea, dilation of pupils, excitability, depression

Term
Larkspur
Definition

Toxicity +++

Hypersensitivity, trembling, collapse, convulsions

Term
Poison hemlock
Definition

Toxicity +++

Trembling, incoordination, diarrhea

Term
Pokeweed
Definition

Toxicity ++

Diarrhea

Term
Alsike clover
Definition

Toxicity +

Depression, colic, diarrhea, photosenstization

Term
Johnsongrass/Sudan grass
Definition

Toxicity +

Frequent urination/defecation, tremors, gasping, convulsions

Term
Yew
Definition

Toxicity ++++

Nervousness, difficult breathing, incoordination, convulsions

Term
Black locust
Definition

Toxicity ++

Diarrhea or constipation, stupor, laminitis, appetite loss

Term
Black walnut
Definition

Toxicity +++

Increased temperature, laminitis, swelling in legs, heart and respiratory rates increased

Term
Chokecherry/wild black cherry
Definition

Toxicity +++

Convulsions, frequent urination/defecation, gasping, tremors

Term
Red maple
Definition

Toxicity +++

Dark mucous membranes, depression, colic, red or brown urine

Term
What is the toxin produced by blister beetles?
Definition
Cantharidin
Term

What is allantois?

 

Definition
Fetal membranes
Term
What does DE, ME, NE, and TDN stand for?
Definition

DE-digestible energy

ME-metabolizable energy

NE-net energy

TDN-total digestible nutrients

Term

Name some macrominerals

 

Definition
Ca, P, K, Na, Cl, Mg, S
Term

Name some microminerals

 

Definition
Cu, I, Fe, Se, Co, Mn, F, Zn
Term

What family is the blister beetle in?

 

Definition
Meloidae
Term

Where is canthardin found?

 

Definition
Alfalfa
Term

How many days does it take to determine the sex of a foal?

 

Definition
60-70 days
Term
How long before a fetal heartrate can be felt?
Definition
22 days
Term

How soon after conception can you detect pregnancy?

 

Definition
14 days
Term
What is a common name for tetanus?
Definition
Lockjaw
Term
Tetanus causes?
Definition
Spasms and rigidity 10-14 days after injury
Term
Botulism is also called?
Definition
Shaker foal syndrome
Term
Botulism is caused by
Definition
forage poisoning
Term
Shaker foal syndrome is a problem in young foals when mares are being fed what kind of diet?
Definition
High energy, high protein
Term

Clostridial myositis is

 

Definition
infection of muscle masses by one or more clostridial bacteria
Term
Sleeping sickness is also called
Definition
equine encephlomyelitis
Term
Who are resevoirs and the vectors for sleeping sickness?
Definition
Wild animals and birds, mosquitos
Term
Swamp fever is also called
Definition
EIA, equine infectious anemia (viral disease), transmitted through blood sucking insects and not being sterile
Term
West Nile causes
Definition
encephalitis, transmitted by mosquitos, symptoms develop 3-14 days after being bitten
Term
Rabies is a
Definition
viral disease that attacks the central nervous system, symptoms occur within two weeks, quarantine for two weeks
Term
Vesticular stomatitis causes
Definition
blisters and raw ulcers under the mouth, on the tongue, teats, (virus), incubation period 2-8 days, transmitted by insects
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