Term
|
Definition
1. Habitual Bipedalism
2. Larger Brains
3. Slower Life History
4. Material Culture
5. Language
6. Dental Difference |
|
|
Term
| Sahelanthropus Tchadensis |
|
Definition
6.0-7.0 mya
Chad
Skull Deformed
Flat face, heavy brow ridges, small brain
Light forest near Lakeshore
Apelike teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
6.0 mya
Kenya
Femur suggest bipedality
Forest living, savanna dwelling
Chimp-like incisors |
|
|
Term
| Ardipithecus Ramidus/Kadabba |
|
Definition
5.8-4.4 mya
Ethiopia
Smaller Canines than non-hominin apes
Smaller molars
Forest environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
4.2-1.0 mya much of East and South Africa
Open Country almost always near water
Sexually dimorphic
-males 50% taller
Bipedal
-may have climbed |
|
|
Term
| Australopithecus Anamensis |
|
Definition
4.2-3.8 mya
Large Molars, small canines, thicker enamel |
|
|
Term
| Australopithecus Afarensis |
|
Definition
3.8-2.8 mya
Best known early "hominid"
Large molars, small canines
Bipedal with adaptations for climbing |
|
|
Term
| Australopithecus Africanus |
|
Definition
3.0-2.2 mya
South African sites ONLY
First Australopithecus discovered
Large molars, small canines
Chimp-like |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2.5 mya
East Africa only
Very large molars, large canines
Sagittal crest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2.4-1.7 mya
East Africa ONLY
First large brained species |
|
|
Term
| Australopithecus Rudolfensis |
|
Definition
2.4-1.7 mya
East Africa Only
First large brained species |
|
|
Term
Paranthropus aethiopicus
Boisei |
|
Definition
2.2-1.2 mya
East Africa
Hyper Robust
Massive Jaws and Molars, Small Canines
Significant saggital crest |
|
|
Term
Paranthropus aethiopicus
Robustus |
|
Definition
1.8-1.0 mya
South Africa
Hyper Robust
Massive Jaws and Molars, small canines
Significant saggital crest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1.8 mya
First assc. with Oldowan tools
After 1.5 mya assc. with Acheulean tools
Taller than Australopithecus
800cc LARGE brain |
|
|
