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Home Equipment Technology
Test 1
142
Other
Undergraduate 3
09/28/2011

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Term
What are the 3 colors on a regular outlet?
Definition
Black, white, and green
Term
What is the Ground Fault Interrupted (GFI) outlet?
Definition
-Placed in an area where there might be short circuiting due to water (kitchen and bathrooms)

-Have buttons on them that automatically trip if too much moisture gets into the circuit (creates an open circuit)

-Then push the button to close the circuit again to let the electricity flow through
Term
A simple switch
Definition
2 brass and 1 green screw
Black, white, ground wires

Doesn't matter which one goes around which color (except brown and green)
Flip on, closes circuit
Term
A lighting fixture
Definition
2 wires

black-bringing electricity in
back out on the white wire

loose electrons will be caught by ground wire
Term
_________ wire is always the hot wire (240v) size 8
Definition
BLACK
Term
_______ wire takes electricity from appliance back to the generator
Definition
WHITE
Term
_____ wire is the ground wire/ makes sure it doesn't short circuit
Definition
BLANK
Term
______ wire is for the 120 volt line (like black but for 120v)
Definition
RED
Term
The higher/lower the size, the bigger/smaller a wire is
Definition
The HIGHER the size, the SMALLER a wire is (8= biggest) 10, 12, 16
Term
__________ wire separates in 2 @ one end (electricity come in, electricity go out)
Definition
General Purpose
Term
What are General Purpose wires used for?
Definition
Electrical appliances or electrical lights
Term
What is an Electronic cord for?
Definition
computers/ internet/ cable
Term
Standard electrical outlet
Definition
black-brass, white-silver, brown-green
Term
Electrical Symbols:

S-
S3-
SDM
S3DM
Definition
S-Switch
S3- 3 way switch
SDM- dimmer switch
S3DM- 3 way dimmer switch
Term
______ is a form of energy
Definition
heat
Term
What kind of energy is produced in nature?
Definition
Hydroelectric power
Wind power
Term
How is energy produced as a mechanical energy?
Definition
have mechanism with moving parts to create friction to create heat
Term
How is Heat produced?
Definition
Produced in nature
as mechanical energy
as chemical energy
as electrical energy
Term
Heat is produced as a chemical energy
Definition
take 2 elements and mix together to create heat
always produces some byproduct, heat is one of them
Term
Heat is produced as electrical energy
Definition
a result of the resistance to the flow of electricity
Term
Heat- moving molecules
Definition
faster movements- more heat, more expansion
Term
What are heat characteristics?
Definition
material expand at different rates when heated

Cold= absence of heat

Heat flow is always from a warmer to a colder area

Heat causes liquids and gases to rise
Term
What is Temperature?
Definition
The intensity of heat
Term
How is temperature measured?
Definition
fahrenheit
celsius
kelvin
Term
Scales calibrated between 2 fixed points
Definition
- the point at which ice melts (32 deg. F- 0 deg C)

The point at which water boils (212 F- 100 C)

** varies depending on atmospheric pressure
Term
BTU (British thermal unit) or calorie
Definition
The quantity of heat
Term
BTU-
Definition
the amount of heat used to change the temperature of one pound of water 1 degree Fahrenheit
Term
Calorie
Definition
the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of one gram of water 1 degree Celsius (smaller than BTU)
Term
Specific heat
Definition
The capacity of a material to absorb or retain heat as compared with an equal amount of water
Term
THermostats: 2 kinds
Definition
Bimetal Strip
Fluid Filled (Brobetube, hydraulic)
Term
Bimetal Strip thermostat
Definition
2 pieces of metal fused together that expand at different rates when heated

The differences is expansion rates opens and closes the circuit supplying heat

Seen in small heating appliances like toasters, irons, coffeemakers
Term
Fluid filled (probetube, hydraulic)
Definition
Term
Definition
Composed of 2 parts:
Switch
Copper tubing ending in a building filled with a heat sensitive liquid

-Found in both heating and cooling applications
Term
Probe tube:
Definition
THermostat is attached to the appliance cord rather than being in the appliance

Filled with liquid silicone that expands and contracts, causing a piston in the appliance to open and close the electrical current.
Term
Thermistors
Definition
digital

becoming standard in new appliances

(little chip inside range or dryer that controls the resistance)

when electrons get to the burner they stop and heat it up
Term
Thermocouples
Definition
same thing as a thermistor in a gas appliance
Term
Heat Transfer occurs in what three ways?
Definition
conduction
convection
radiation
Term
conduction
Definition
transfer of heat by direct contact (stove)
Term
Convection
Definition
movement of convection currents cause heat to transfer

a substance is heated through it's own movement (convection oven)

Should heat things faster b/c all three heat transfers are being used
Term
Radiation
Definition
heat transfer from a warm body to a cold body by natural means

no material or contact needed for radiant heat

darker materials are better absorbers of radiant heat (heat lamps)
Term
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Definition
Term
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Definition
Term
Principle of Infinite Substitutability
Definition
as one resource is depleted or becomes too expensive to use, replacements are developed with no long term detriments to levels of living
Term
Materials used in kitchens
Definition
changes with demand and availability of less expensive new materials and improved applications

Ex: washing machine tubs

wood to metal to plastic
Term
Materials in kitchen divided up into 5 different categories
Definition
base
finishes
insulation
countertop
floor covering
Term
Base materials
Definition
aluminum
stainless steel
copper
tungsten
magnalite
iron
plastics
glass
silicone
Term
Aluminum cookware major uses
Definition
cookware for oven and cooktop
some utensils and tools
window frames and screens
finish on appliances
Term
What are characteristics of aluminum?
Definition
light gray metal with blue tinge
non magnetic
resistant to corrosion and many chemicals
can be damaged by alkalis and acids
good conductor of heat and electricity
strong, yet soft and malleable
Term
alkalis-
Acids-
Definition
alkalis- dishwasher detergent
acids- tomatoes and meat
Term
Is aluminum safe?
Definition
correlation between aluminum in the brain and Alzheimer's disease

Not readily absorbed into bloodstream

Cooking food in aluminum pans does not expose people to very much aluminum (less than 4 milligrams)
Term
Stainless Steel composition
Definition
combination of chromium, nickel and steel
Term
Properties of stainless steel
Definition
smooth and highly polished surfaces
resistant to oxidation (rust) and corrosion

not easily dented
Non-staining (can be used on countertops, tables, chairs etc

not an even conductor of heat (hot spots) so not as good for cookware
Term
Stainless steel is one of the most popular appliance materials and is used for:
Definition
large appliances
small applianes
cookware and utensils
bowls
flatware
hardware in appliances
cabinetry
sinks
Term
Characteristics of Copper (Cu)
Definition
relatively expensive
best conductor of electricity (next to silver)
good conductor of heat
oxidizes readily- needs polishing
can be toxic if combined with foods
Term
Tungsten
Definition
Highest tensile strength and melting point (6156 F) of any metal used in the kitchen

great resistance to electricity
used as a filament in light sources
used in stovetop burner coils
Term
Magnalite
Definition
combination of aluminum, copper, nickel, and magnesium

used by General Housewares Corporation for its Magnalite cookware line
---- lightweight, good conductor of electricity, very strong
Term
Iron (fe)
Definition
most common and least expensive metal
somewhat soft, but can be hardened when combined with carbon

fair conductor of heat
can rust easily
uses: frying pans, dutch ovens, sinks
trade name: Le Creuset (last forever)
Term
Glass and heat resistant glass
Definition
heat resistant
shatters upon impact
not a good conductor of heat, but a good absorber of heat

used in cookware, bake ware, oven doors, microwaves, dinnerware
Term
Uses of Glass and heat resistant glass
Definition
measuring cups, surface cooking utensils, baking utensils
Term
Glass ceramic
Definition
a variation on glass
crystalline structure
impervious to thermal shock
very hard and strong
absorbs heat
electrical insulator
not affected by acids or alkalis
cooktops and cookware
Term
Plastics:
Definition
Thermoplastics
thermoset
Term
Thermoplastics
Definition
softened by heat, but harden again as they cool
compostition not altered by heating
shape can become somewhat distorted (acrylic, cellulosic, fluorocarbon, polycarbonate)
Term
example of acrylic
Definition
paint finishes
Term
example of cellulosic
Definition
small appliance parts, bubble wrap
Term
examples of fluorocarbon
Definition
nonstick finish on cookware and bakeware
Term
examples of polycarbonate
Definition
vegetable crispers, food processor bowls, measuring cups
Term
ex. of Polyethylene
Definition
storage bags and rigid containers, cutting boards, ice cube trays
Term
Ex. of polypropylene
Definition
most widely used plastic
washer agitators, dishwasher tubs, silverware baskets, scrapers, baby bottles, refrigerator parts
Term
polystyrene
Definition
refrigerator door liners and drawers, storage containers, toys, appliance housings, canisters, cutlerey plates, yogurt containers, anything Styrofoam
Term
ex of polysulfone
Definition
microwave working utensils, coffeemakers
Term
ex of polyurethane
Definition
insulation in refrigerators and freezers
Term
ex. of polyvinylchlorides (PVC)
Definition
Dishwasher liners, rack coatings, plumbing
Term
Vinyl
Definition
Flooring, countertops
Term
Thermoset plastics
Definition
does not soften when heated
undergoes a chemical change when formed which makes it impervious to heat
used as knobs on cooking utensils and covers
(Thermosetting)
Term
What are the 2 kinds of Thermosettings?
Definition
Alkyd (coatings) and melamine (dinnerware and bowls, melmac (trade name), laminated countertops, button and knobs)
Term
Silicone
Definition
not a plastic or a metal
partly organic and partly inorganic
highly water resistant, good heat resistance
Term
what are the uses of silicone?
Definition
Waterproofing compund (around sinks)
nonstick finish on metal baking utensils and waffle bakers
door seals on self-cleaning ovens
bake ware
Term
What are some finishes?
Definition
Porcelain Enamel
chromium
tin
plastic coatings
anodized aluminum
Term
Characteristics of porcelain enamel
Definition
poor conductor of heat
resistant to acids and alkalis
does not scratch readily, but may chip
does not break down when exposed to food acids or alkalis
durable, but expensive to apply
Term
Uses of porcelain enamel
Definition
sinks
kitchen cabinets
appliances
washer tubs
cooktops
some cookware
common use: liner of water heater
Term
Chromium
Definition
extremely hard metalic finish (shiny metal)

Found on the trim and handles of amny major appliances
Term
tin
Definition
inexpensive metallic finish
baking utensils (baking tin pans)
not used in foils (aluminum foil=no)
Term
Plastic coatings
Definition
several plastics can be used as finishes
offer surface protection, non stick properties, durability and color
Term
anodized aluminum
Definition
increase corrosion resistance
better color adhesive
creates a strong aluminum
Term
Layout and Traffic patterns
Definition
arrangement of flow of traffic greatly influences how tasks are performed
Term
appliances
Definition
selection is great for styles and features

placement should be efficient and convenient
Term
Consider storage for:
Definition
dry goods
perishables
dishes and flatware
pots and utensils
linens
cleaning supplies
garbage
recyclables
other
Term
Lighing: plan for:
Definition
overall lighting
task lighting (illuminates specific work areas)
Term
Where would you put task lighting?
Definition
above countertops
above sink
above range
above table
at planning center
Term
Surfaces
Definition
color and texture will define kitchen styles
Term
Surfaces should be:
Definition
attractive
functional
easy to clean
Term
Kitchen "Centers"
Definition
food storage center


refrigerator/ freezer, pantry
Term
clean-up center
Definition
sink, dishwasher, storage for dishes
Term
Cook Center
Definition
oven, cooktop, microwave
storage for pots, pans, cooking utensils
Small appliances (food processor, blender, etc.)
Term
Baking center (Food Prep Center)
Definition
4 feet of continuous counter space for food prep
Term
Planning Center
Definition
Desk, chair, computer, storage
Term
The Work Triangle
Definition
Food storage, cleanup, cook center (sink, fridge, oven)
(12/26 feet perimeter of work triangle)
Term
Kinds of COuntertops
Definition
Laminate
cermaic or porcelain tile
solid surface
natural stone
butcher block
concrete
stainless steel
Term
laminate
Definition
durable and inexpensive
can scorch or scratch
Term
Ceramic or porcelain tile
Definition
can be used for countertop or backsplash
will probably have to be custom made
easy to clean
doesn't burn
have to clean grout between lines
will have to re-grout and reseal at some point
Term
Solid surface
Definition
easy to take care of
make of acrylic and other composite materials
"Corian"
very versatile
does scratch/ not easily though
Term
Natural Stone
Definition
Big thing now
marble, slate, granite, quartz
very expensive (up to $200/ linear foot)
heavy duty
don't stain
easy to clean
won't crack
won't scratch
Makes for elegant looking kitchen (good for lots of entertainment)
Term
Butcher Block
Definition
laminated hardwood put under pressure and oil and water resistant polymer finish
countertop is a little bit higher (about an inch)
Can put around t
Term
Concrete
Definition
can be stained or saturated with color
has to be sealed (shiny, not dull)
can crack dependin gon conditinos
very heavy
has to be pured in confiburation of cabints- custom deisgn
Term
Stainless Steel
Definition
seen in commercial kitchens mostly
can take heat without scorching
impervious to water/ does not rust
shows smudges
$100/110 per/sq foot
duable/ will last a long time
Term
Stainless Steel
Definition
seen in commercial kitchens mostly
can take heat without scorching
impervious to water/ does not rust
shows smudges
$100/110 per/sq foot
duable/ will last a long time
Term
Cabinet Basics
Definition
Typically 2 cabinet doors that meet in the middle

Dimensions
-- upper 12" deep, base 24" deep, 35-12 high-

Lazy Suzan at least invented 36" around
Term
Shelves and drawers
Definition
one open shelving popular
Term
Inlands
Definition
standard now in kitchen
Term
Traditional Corner Combines
Definition
L-Shaped cabinets
lazy susan
Corner shaped drawers
Term
Pantries
Definition
12 in deep
keep close to fridge
upper cabinetry
Term
Drawers
Definition
specially made for knives
cutting board
bread drawer
silverware drawer
Spice drawer
Term
Height variations
Definition
very popular now
to accommodate children,people sitting, handicapped
(move dishwasher up to 9 inches) make it easier
if add island make sure there is 3 foot minumum walkspace
Term
What do consumers what?
Definition
all new kitchens that looks great and is fun to work in
the right amount and type of customized storage
a luxurious, hotel-like master bed and bath
well-desined spaces that can be personalized
"Over half surveyed would like to go green, and want eco-sensitive building and remodeling options presented to them. This number jumps to more than 2 o f
Term
The Digital Kitchen (The Realty Times 4/07)
Definition
Digital calendar
recipe projection system
energy monitor and control
home control station (Can control lighs electronics, sound system
Universal Chargins station
Wi-Fi
Term
Top 3 appliance manufacterers
Definition
GE appliances
Whirlpool
AMana/Maytag
Term
Where do most people find/buy their appliances?
Definition
Sears and Home improvement stores
Term
Whos is made by a lot of different manufacturers?
Definition
Kenmore
Term
COnsumer considerations for household equipment
Definition
Time saving and ease of use
energy savings
life cycle costing
ease of cleaning
safety
nameplate information
mobility
materials and construction
warranties
Term
What 2 programs were instituted by the federal government and tells you how much it costs to run energy appliance (yearly operating cost of $47/year)
Definition
EnergyGuide and Energy Star
Term
Energy Star labels means
Definition
10-50% less energy is used than other comprible products on the market (also for water)
Term
Life cycle costing
Definition
initial cost, service lost, preventatie maintenance cost, operating cost, disposal cost--(very costly)
Term
Ease of Cleaning
Definition
-SDA- soap and detergent organization

tell you now to clean anything
Term
What are some Safety Organizations?
Definition
Underwriters Labratory (fire saafety and electrical safety)

American Gas Association
consumer product safety commission (federal)

American National standards Insititute (looks at total appliance and instructions and misuse of appliance)
Term
Nameplater information
Definition
conditions in which appliances need to operate

*INcludes:

Manufacturers name/ address
model #
serial #
Pressure
Etc.
Term
Mobily refers to?
Definition
Renters
hhome sellers are often tkaking appliances with them
Term
Implied Warranty
Definition
when you buy something it should work
Term
Written warranty
Definition
Since 1977
can buy extended warranty
Term
What is electricity?
Definition
The flow of electrons through a conductor
Term
what is electricity measured in?
Definition
measured in amperes (amps), the amount of electrical flow through a wire
Term
Voltage
Definition
the pressure used to push the electrons through a wire (determines how powerful the electricity is)
Term
Wattage
Definition
a measure of electrical power (volts + amps)

The thicker the wire, the more electrons can flow through it, the brigher the light
Term
Ohm
Definition
The unit of resistance found in a material that an electrical current is flowing through

(ohms go agains the current)
Term
In homes the amount of electricy used is measure in ________________
Definition
kilowatt hours

1000 watts of energy used over the period of 1 hour
Term
Kilowatt hour x electrical rate=
Definition
COST TO OPERATE
Term
Describe the process of finding how much it costs to operate an appliance
Definition
-Found out how many watts an appliance needs to operate

multiply that number by the number of hours the appliance is used per month

convert that to kilowatt hrs (move the decimal 3 places to the right)

multiply that by the cost of a kilowatt hour assessed by the electric distributor in your area. (In Missouri, the rate is 8.32 cents/KWH

Ex. a 60 watt bulb was left on for 40 hours over a 1 month period

60x40=2400 watts or 2.4 kwh

Missouri's electrical rate 8.32 cents

2.4 x .0832= .20
Term
Conductors
Definition
materials in which elecctrons flow easily (metals
used for contact surfaces in switches
copper is the most common conductor in homes
Term
insulators
Definition
materials in which electrons dont flow easily
Term
what are semi-conductors?
Definition
control the amt of electrons through a circuit

conduct electricity but w/ less efficiency than conductors- used to control electric current
Called "Solid state" components b/c they have no moving or heater parts
Term
Where does electricity for the home come from?
Definition
alternating current
Term
Open
Definition
has opening-doesn't flow all the way around
Term
circuit breaker
Definition
mechanical switch with a thermal sensor which opens the circuit when the current gets too great
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